{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T09:48:43Z","timestamp":1788515323592,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781568000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acad Dermatol Venereol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Chronic inducible urticarias (CIndUs), including symptomatic dermographism (SD), cholinergic urticaria (CholU) and cold urticaria (ColdU), are mast cell (MC)\u2010driven conditions triggered by subtype\u2010specific, definite and reproducible stimuli. Although often considered self\u2010limiting, these diseases can persist for years and significantly impair quality of life. Current evidence suggests that CIndUs involve heterogeneous underlying mechanisms, including both immunoglobulin E (IgE)\u2010dependent and IgE\u2010independent pathways of MC activation. These include activating receptors such as the high\u2010affinity IgE receptor (Fc\u03b5RI), Mas\u2010related G protein\u2010coupled receptor X2 (MRGPRX2) and muscarinic cholinergic receptor M3 (CHRM3), as well as emerging roles for neuropeptides, autoantibodies and sweat allergens. Many patients remain symptomatic despite treatment with second\u2010generation H\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010antihistamines (sgAHs), the only approved therapy. Omalizumab, an anti\u2010IgE monoclonal antibody, is effective in some patients with sgAH\u2010refractory disease but remains off\u2010label for CIndUs. A growing number of clinical trials are investigating therapies that target MCs beyond sgAHs and anti\u2010IgE, including Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors, anti\u2010KIT monoclonal antibodies, MRGPRX2 antagonists and blockade of the interleukin\u20104 receptor alpha chain (IL\u20104R\u03b1). While early findings are promising, it remains unclear whether these approaches can meaningfully alter the long\u2010term disease course. This review summarizes current understanding of the pathophysiology of SD, CholU and ColdU, and highlights emerging therapies aimed at improving patient outcomes. Improved understanding of CIndU endotypes may enable more personalized, mechanism\u2010based treatment approaches in the future.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.70559","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T09:48:56Z","timestamp":1781603336000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Pathophysiology and emerging treatments for dermographic, cholinergic and cold urticaria"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2595-468X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mojca","family":"Bizjak\u2010Suran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Allergy University Clinic of Respiratory and Allergic Diseases Golnik  Golnik Slovenia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Ljubljana  Ljubljana Slovenia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Maribor  Maribor Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matja\u017e","family":"Fle\u017ear","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Allergy University Clinic of Respiratory and Allergic Diseases Golnik  Golnik Slovenia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Ljubljana  Ljubljana Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-0162-0742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel Pedro","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Allergology, Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt\u2010Universit\u00e4t Zu Berlin  Berlin Germany"},{"name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP Immunology and Allergology Berlin  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_16_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-022-00389-z","article-title":"Urticaria","volume":"8","author":"Kolkhir P","year":"2022","journal-title":"Urticaria Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.70210"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_16_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-024-01160-y","article-title":"New insights into chronic inducible urticaria","volume":"24","author":"Munoz M","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr Allergy Asthma Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_16_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.19637","article-title":"A comparative analysis of chronic inducible urticaria in 423 patients: clinical and laboratory features and comorbid 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