{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T06:17:20Z","timestamp":1787984240346,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787875200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787875200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002842","name":"Chiang Mai University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002842","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010731","name":"Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010731","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acad Dermatol Venereol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although regulatory and public concerns have implemented policies to minimize risk\u2010associated tanning, little is known about tanning behavioural addiction (TBA).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To estimate and summarize the prevalence and predictors of TBA and its association with substance use and psychological conditions among tanners.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We systematically searched six electronic databases and grey literature from inception to February 26, 2026, without language restrictions, to identify all relevant studies addressing TBA among adolescents or adult tanners. Considering the identified validated instruments, the prevalence of TBA and its association with substance use and psychological conditions were estimated using random\u2010effects meta\u2010analysis, corresponding with 95% confidence intervals. Narrative synthesis was employed to summarize the predictors of TBA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Following the five identified validated instruments for TBA, 20 unique studies among tanners (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20097222; mean age, 18.2\u201336.2\u2009years; proportion of females, 64%\u2013100%) were included. With substantial heterogeneity, the pooled prevalence was 23.1% (18.9%\u201327.5%) for any aspect of TBA, ranging from 8.7% (6.1%\u201311.8%) for SITAD \u2013 dependence criteria to 36.8% (30.1%\u201343.7%) for tanning \u2013\n                      <jats:italic>DSM\u2010IV\u2010TR\/DSM\u2010IV<\/jats:italic>\n                      criteria (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      for difference between diagnostic criteria &lt;0.001). Regarding narrative synthesis with limited data, frequent indoor tanning sessions (consistent evidence) and several individual characteristics (mixed or limited evidence) were identified as potential or possible predictors of TBA. With very low evidence certainty, individuals with TBA were not associated with substance use but were associated with psychological conditions: depression (odds ratio [OR], 1.88 [1.12\u20133.15]), obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder ([OCD], OR, 2.81 [1.30\u20136.07]), body dysmorphic disorder ([BDD], OR, 1.55 [1.05\u20132.28]) and seasonal affective disorder ([SAD], OR, 2.00 [1.01\u20133.97]).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Evidence drawn from predominantly young adult White women has shown that the prevalence of TBA varies widely depending on the diagnostic criteria employed. With very low evidence certainty, individuals meeting criteria for TBA are at heightened risk for multiple psychological conditions (i.e. depression, OCD, BDD and SAD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.70691","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T05:57:03Z","timestamp":1787983023000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prevalence, predictors and psychological conditions of tanning behavioural addiction \u2013 A meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1100-7171","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Surapon","family":"Nochaiwong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Care, Faculty of Pharmacy Chiang Mai University  Chiang Mai Thailand"},{"name":"Pharmacoepidemiology and Statistics Research Center (PESRC), Faculty of Pharmacy Chiang Mai 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Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3476-1196","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan A.","family":"Bernstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati  Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0766-6342","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacek C.","family":"Szepietowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, Venereology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Wroclaw University of Science and Technology  Wroclaw Poland"},{"name":"Department of Dermato\u2010Venereology 4th Military Hospital  Wroclaw 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