{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T13:40:41Z","timestamp":1792503641317,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792454400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792454400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["580001886"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["580001886"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acad Dermatol Venereol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with a multifactorial pathogenesis involving genetic, lifestyle and microbial factors. While cutaneous microbiome shifts have been reported for this disease, the impact of systemic immunomodulators and antibiotics on HS microbiome remains poorly defined.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To characterize species\u2010level cutaneous dysbiosis in HS and evaluate the effects of three standard\u2010of\u2010care systemic therapies, clindamycin\/rifampicin (ATB), adalimumab (ADA) and secukinumab (SEC) on skin microbial composition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We performed 16S rRNA sequencing on 251 skin swabs from lesional and non\u2010lesional sites of 52 HS patients and 31 healthy matched controls. In a sub\u2010cohort of 28 patients, microbial shifts were evaluated following 12\u2009weeks of therapy with ATB (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20098), ADA (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200912) and SEC (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20098).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      HS skin exhibited profound dysbiosis defined by the depletion of homeostatic commensals (\n                      <jats:italic>Cutibacterium acnes<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>Staphylococcus hominis<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>S. epidermidis<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) and a synergistic expansion of anaerobic pathogens, primarily Gram\u2010positive anaerobic cocci (GPAC;\n                      <jats:italic>Finegoldia magna<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>Peptoniphilus grossensis<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Fenollaria massiliensis<\/jats:italic>\n                      ),\n                      <jats:italic>Lawsonella clevelandensis<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Campylobacter ureolyticus<\/jats:italic>\n                      . A 13\u2010taxa microbial signature accurately discriminated the HS phenotype (AUC\u2009=\u20090.92). Following 12\u2009weeks of treatment, ATB markedly attenuated dysbiosis by reducing pathogen loads and significantly increasing microbial richness. In contrast, ADA and SEC did not alter pathogen abundance and were associated with a slight decline in protective commensals.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Systemic antibiotics partially restore cutaneous microbiome homeostasis in HS by targeting anaerobic pathogens while preserving beneficial commensals, an effect not observed with the tested biologics. These findings highlight the need for microbiome\u2010directed adjuvant therapies to complement immunomodulation in HS management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.70813","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T12:57:17Z","timestamp":1792501037000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Hidradenitis suppurativa skin microbiome: In\u2010depth analysis and modulation by systemic therapies"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4134-0760","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yacine","family":"Amar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergology Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine  Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Baumann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergology Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine  Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Niedermeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergology Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine  Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafaela L.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergology Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine  Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanne","family":"Walch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit Comparative Microbiome Analysis Helmholtz Zentrum M\u00fcnchen, Deutsches Forschungszentrum f\u00fcr Gesundheit Und Umwelt (GmbH)  Neuherberg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Schloter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit Comparative Microbiome Analysis Helmholtz Zentrum M\u00fcnchen, Deutsches Forschungszentrum f\u00fcr Gesundheit Und Umwelt (GmbH)  Neuherberg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"K\u00f6berle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergology Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine  Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tilo","family":"Biedermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergology Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine  Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3229-597X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Volz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergology Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine  Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)02475-9","article-title":"Hidradenitis suppurativa","volume":"405","author":"Sabat R","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2871","DOI":"10.1007\/s13555-026-01744-8","article-title":"Addictions in hidradenitis suppurativa: A cross\u2010sectional pilot study","volume":"16","author":"B\u00f6hner A","year":"2026","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther 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