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Combining patches of complementary colours increases the overall conspicuousness of the complex pattern, enhancing signal detection. Therefore, selection for conspicuousness may act not only on the design of single colour patches, but also on their combination. Contrasting long\u2010 and short\u2010wavelength colour patches are located on the ventral and lateral surfaces of many lacertid lizards. As the combination of long\u2010 and short\u2010wavelength\u2010based colours generates local chromatic contrast, we hypothesized that selection may favour the co\u2010occurrence of lateral and ventral contrasting patches, resulting in complex colour patterns that maximize the overall conspicuousness of the signal. To test this hypothesis, we performed a comparative phylogenetic study using a categorical colour classification based on spectral data and descriptive information on lacertid coloration collected from the literature. Our results demonstrate that conspicuous ventral (long\u2010wavelength\u2010based) and lateral (short\u2010wavelength\u2010based) colour patches co\u2010occur throughout the lacertid phylogeny more often than expected by chance, especially in the subfamily Lacertini. These results suggest that selection promotes the evolution of the complex pattern rather than the acquisition of a single conspicuous colour patch, possibly due to the increased conspicuousness caused by the combination of colours with contrasting spectral properties.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jeb.12835","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,23]],"date-time":"2016-01-23T08:04:46Z","timestamp":1453536286000},"page":"942-951","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["The evolution of colour pattern complexity: selection for conspicuousness favours contrasting within\u2010body colour combinations in lizards"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3736-6957","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G.","family":"P\u00e9rez i de Lanuza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CIBIO Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources InBIO Universidade do Porto Campus Agr\u00e1rio de Vair\u00e3o Vair\u00e3o, Vila do Conde Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Font","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ethology Lab Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology University of Valencia Paterna Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"209","article-title":"Towards a phylogeny and biogeography of the Lacertidae: relationships within an Old\u2010World family of lizards derived from morphology","volume":"55","author":"Arnold E.N.","year":"1989","journal-title":"Bull. 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