{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T20:14:40Z","timestamp":1791836080907,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,7]],"date-time":"2019-12-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575676800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000270","name":"Natural Environment Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000270","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Evolutionary Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Genetic incompatibilities contribute to reproductive isolation between many diverging populations, but it is still unclear to what extent they play a role if divergence happens with gene flow. In contact zones between the \"Crab\" and \"Wave\" ecotypes of the snail <jats:italic>Littorina saxatilis,<\/jats:italic> divergent selection forms strong barriers to gene flow, while the role of post\u2010zygotic barriers due to selection against hybrids remains unclear. High embryo abortion rates in this species could indicate the presence of such barriers. Post\u2010zygotic barriers might include genetic incompatibilities (e.g. Dobzhansky\u2013Muller incompatibilities) but also maladaptation, both expected to be most pronounced in contact zones. In addition, embryo abortion might reflect physiological stress on females and embryos independent of any genetic stress. We examined all embryos of &gt;500 females sampled outside and inside contact zones of three populations in Sweden. Females' clutch size ranged from 0 to 1,011 embryos (mean 130\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0123), and abortion rates varied between 0% and 100% (mean 12%). We described female genotypes by using a hybrid index based on hundreds of SNPs differentiated between ecotypes with which we characterized female genotypes. We also calculated female SNP heterozygosity and inversion karyotype. Clutch size did not vary with female hybrid index, and abortion rates were only weakly related to hybrid index in two sites but not at all in a third site. No additional variation in abortion rate was explained by female SNP heterozygosity, but increased female inversion heterozygosity added slightly to increased abortion. Our results show only weak and probably biologically insignificant post\u2010zygotic barriers contributing to ecotype divergence, and the high and variable abortion rates were marginally, if at all, explained by hybrid index of females.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jeb.13570","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,14]],"date-time":"2019-11-14T09:25:15Z","timestamp":1573723515000},"page":"342-351","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Is embryo abortion a post\u2010zygotic barrier to gene flow between <i>Littorina<\/i> ecotypes?"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0176-7986","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kerstin","family":"Johannesson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Marine Sciences at Tj\u00e4rn\u00f6 University of Gothenburg Str\u00f6mstad Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zuzanna","family":"Zagrodzka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal and Plant Sciences University of Sheffield Sheffield UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6635-685X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui","family":"Faria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal and Plant Sciences University of Sheffield Sheffield UK"},{"name":"CIBIO Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Biodiversidade e Recursos Gen\u00e9ticos InBIO Laborat\u00f3rio Associado Universidade do Porto Vair\u00e3o Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1050-4969","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anja","family":"Marie Westram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IST Austria Klosterneuburg Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roger K.","family":"Butlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Marine Sciences at Tj\u00e4rn\u00f6 University of Gothenburg Str\u00f6mstad Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Animal and Plant Sciences University of Sheffield Sheffield UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13301"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1534\/genetics.111.137513"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/hdy.1981.98"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-294X.2011.05080.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/mollus\/eyw047"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/evo.12329"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.mollus.a065493"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1558-5646.1989.tb04233.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0014-3820.2006.tb01143.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0025-326X(85)90256-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","volume-title":"Genetics and the origin of species","author":"Dobzhansky T.","year":"1937"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.14972"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tree.2018.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/9780691187051"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/mollus\/62.1.89"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00388072"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.mollus.a065882"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-5347(00)01873-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-0981(86)90175-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eva.12277"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.7.2602"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/mollus\/66.2.149"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2009.0256"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0025315400002265"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.4304"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0014-3820.2003.tb00223.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.14147"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0186901"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1558-5646.1998.tb05156.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1534\/genetics.107.086314"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00028081"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aav9963"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","first-page":"71","article-title":"Isolating mechanisms, evolution and temperature","volume":"6","author":"Muller H. J.","year":"1942","journal-title":"Biology Symposium"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0014-3820.2003.tb01537.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2010.1215"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0009640"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-294X.2006.03067.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.13332"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","volume-title":"Systematics and evolution of Littorina","author":"Reid D. G.","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2012.02.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/mollus\/61.3.303"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1558-5646.1991.tb04400.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.02504"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/evl3.74"}],"container-title":["Journal of Evolutionary Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jeb.13570","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/jeb.13570","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jeb.13570","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,23]],"date-time":"2024-01-23T20:27:56Z","timestamp":1706041676000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jeb\/article\/33\/3\/342-351\/7326436"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,7]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jeb.13570"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jeb.13570","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1010-061X","1420-9101"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1010-061X","type":"print"},{"value":"1420-9101","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-08-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-11-12","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-12-07","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}