{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T19:41:06Z","timestamp":1770061266225,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764028800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764028800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Evidence Based Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopy (PTCS) is a minimally invasive treatment for biliary diseases; however, postoperative biliary drainage can impair quality of life and cause complications. We developed a biodegradable blockage (BB) for tract embolization to replace drainage; this is the first study investigating this approach after PTCS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this prospective study, 10 patients with bile duct stones underwent PTCS with BB embolization (June\u2010August 2024). Outcomes and complications were recorded over 3 months. A 1:1 propensity\u2010matched control group from historical PTCS patients with standard drainage was established for comparison of hemoglobin levels and complications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>BB placement was successful in all patients with no procedure\u2010related deaths. No significant differences were found between the embolization and drainage groups in operative time, hemoglobin changes, or complication rates, though the small sample size warrants caution. One patient in the embolization group had a Grade II complication, versus three complications (two Grade I, one Grade II) in the drainage group. The embolization group had no serious adverse events during follow\u2010up.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Tract embolization with BB appears to be a safe and feasible alternative to conventional drainage after PTCS. Larger randomized trials are needed for validation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jebm.70090","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T18:30:48Z","timestamp":1764095448000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Percutaneous Tract Embolization Versus Conventional Drainage Following Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholangioscopy for Biliary Stones"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Mengying","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biliary Surgery Department of General Surgery West China Hospital Sichuan University  Chengdu China"},{"name":"Research Center for Biliary Diseases West China Hospital Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biliary Surgery Department of General Surgery West China Hospital Sichuan University  Chengdu China"},{"name":"Research Center for Biliary Diseases West China Hospital Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jingyi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Ultrasound West China Hospital Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rongxing","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biliary Surgery Department of General Surgery West China Hospital Sichuan University  Chengdu China"},{"name":"Research Center for Biliary Diseases West China Hospital Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SLE.0000000000000874"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/qims-24-421"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hpb.2018.12.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10353\u2010025\u201000903\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2022.08.125"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.13371"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e318268314b"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-015-4303-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jhbp.512"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2010.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000002645"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sla.0000133083.54934.ae"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinre.2020.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sopen.2024.05.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/lap.2010.0075"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hpb.2016.10.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-023-04149-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-49173-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4328","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.906630","article-title":"Retrospective Clinical Study of the Effects of T\u2010Tube Placement for Bile Duct Stricture","volume":"23","author":"\u015eahiner \u0130. 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