{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T16:02:18Z","timestamp":1789488138630,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770163200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770163200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Evidence Based Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy of music intervention as a non\u2010pharmacological approach for improving physiological and psychological outcomes in patients with hypertension through a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science Core Collection, Wanfang Data, and CNKI for RCTs investigating the effects of music therapy on blood pressure, heart rate (HR), anxiety, and depression in hypertensive adults. Data were pooled using random\u2010effects models, and weighted mean differences (WMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. The robustness of findings was assessed via sensitivity analysis, and publication bias was evaluated using Egger's and Begg's tests.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty\u2010one RCTs involving 1436 participants were included. Meta\u2010analysis revealed that music intervention significantly reduced systolic blood pressure (SBP) (WMD = \u22128.26\u00a0mmHg, 95% CI: \u221210.56 to \u22125.96), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (WMD = \u22125.91\u00a0mmHg, 95% CI: \u22128.03 to \u22123.79), HR (WMD = \u22124.17, 95% CI: \u22127.22 to \u22121.12), anxiety levels (measured by Self\u2010Rating Anxiety Scale, SAS) (WMD = \u22125.22, 95% CI: \u22127.03 to \u22123.40), and depression levels (measured by Self\u2010Rating Depression Scale, SDS) (WMD = \u22127.12, 95% CI: \u221210.27 to \u22123.98). Sensitivity analyses confirmed the stability of these findings, and statistical tests showed no significant publication bias for primary outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Music therapy is an effective complementary intervention for reducing blood pressure, HR, anxiety, and depression in hypertensive patients. Personalized music selections and longer intervention sessions may enhance efficacy. Future research should focus on standardizing intervention protocols, clarifying underlying mechanisms, and exploring long\u2010term efficacy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jebm.70108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T08:29:43Z","timestamp":1770193783000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Efficacy of Music Therapy on Hypertensive Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Hu","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University  Chengdu China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children Sichuan University, Ministry of Education  Chengdu China"},{"name":"Department of Emergency Sichuan Provincial Children's Hospital  Meishan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics The People's Hospital of Huantai  Zibo China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fajuann","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University  Chengdu China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children Sichuan University, Ministry of Education  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanshan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University  Chengdu China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children Sichuan University, Ministry of Education  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhuan","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University  Chengdu China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children Sichuan University, Ministry of Education  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University  Chengdu China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children Sichuan University, Ministry of Education  Chengdu China"},{"name":"Department of Emergency Sichuan Provincial Children's Hospital  Meishan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xihong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University  Chengdu China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children Sichuan University, Ministry of Education  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.121.318061"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.122.321762"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5114\/aoms.2020.92689"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jch.14653"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2023.114750"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23736\/S0375-9393.24.18120-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/pag0000861"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2018.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.12677"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/acm.2015.0079"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-023-03929-6"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","first-page":"3822","article-title":"Effect of Music Intervention During Hemodialysis: A Comprehensive Meta\u2010Analysis","volume":"25","author":"Wu X. 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