{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T08:18:45Z","timestamp":1777537125208,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,29]],"date-time":"2014-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1411948800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Evaluation Clinical Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Rationale, aims and objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The impact of seasonal variation on clinical remission in patients with depression has not been well studied. The hypothesis for this study was that the clinical remission rate would be lower in the winter comparing to the other seasons, specifically evaluated by gender.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study cohort comprised 2873 primary care patients with depression as a longitudinal retrospective chart review analysis. The sample was limited to patients who were continuing in care; dropouts were excluded from the analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Multivariate logistic regression analysis of the independent variables for those participants who achieved clinical remission demonstrated that for the male patients, the season of diagnosis did not impact the rate of remission at 6 months while controlling for all other independent variables. For female patients, those that were diagnosed with depression in the fall had increased likelihood of 6\u2010month remission compared with those patients diagnosed in the winter months (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content> 1.300, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.006\u20131.680, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.045) and the spring and summer patients were not significantly different in their outcome rates. When both genders were combined, the odds of remission at 6 months were not statistically significant for any season of diagnosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study demonstrates that in patients who were continuing care, women who were diagnosed with major depression or dysthymia in the fall season have improved 6\u2010month clinical outcome of remission compared with those women diagnosed in the winter, when controlling for demographic and clinical characteristics. This effect was not seen in men or when the genders were combined into a single cohort. The assessment of the seasonality effect on depression outcomes requires further long\u2010term follow\u2010up studies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jep.12265","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,30]],"date-time":"2014-09-30T03:29:08Z","timestamp":1412047748000},"page":"160-165","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Seasonal variation in clinical remission of primary care patients with depression: impact of gender"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Yusuf C.","family":"Doganer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine Mayo Clinic  Rochester MN USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kurt B.","family":"Angstman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine Mayo Clinic  Rochester MN USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tara K.","family":"Kaufman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine Mayo Clinic  Rochester MN USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James E.","family":"Rohrer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine Mayo Clinic  Rochester MN USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.146.7.829"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1998.tb09954.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-005-2952-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1984.01790120076010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2004.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","first-page":"1162","article-title":"Seasonal affective disorder","volume":"36","author":"Lam R. 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