{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,10]],"date-time":"2024-08-10T13:54:59Z","timestamp":1723298099947},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,3]],"date-time":"2016-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451779200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Evaluation Clinical Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Rationale, aims and objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Smoking during pregnancy can cause several maternal and neonatal health risks, yet a considerable number of pregnant women continue to smoke. The objectives of this study were to test the factorial structure, validity and reliability of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content>utch version of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>odified <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">R<\/jats:styled-content>easons for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>moking <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>cale (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRSS<\/jats:styled-content>) in a sample of smoking pregnant women and to understand reasons for continued smoking during pregnancy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A longitudinal design was performed. Data of 97 pregnant smokers were collected during prenatal consultation. Structural equation modelling was performed to assess the construct validity of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRSS<\/jats:styled-content>: an exploratory factor analysis was conducted, followed by a confirmatory factor analysis.Test\u2013retest reliability (&lt;16 weeks and 32\u201334 weeks pregnancy) and internal consistency were assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient and the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>ronbach's alpha, respectively. To verify concurrent validity, Mann\u2013Whitney <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>U<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content>\u2010tests were performed examining associations between the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRSS<\/jats:styled-content> subscales and nicotine dependence, daily consumption, depressive symptoms and intention to quit.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found a factorial structure for the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRSS<\/jats:styled-content> of 11 items within five subscales in order of importance: <jats:italic>tension reduction<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>addiction<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>pleasure<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>habit<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>social function<\/jats:italic>. Results for internal consistency and test\u2013retest reliability were good to acceptable. There were significant associations of nicotine dependence with <jats:italic>tension reduction<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>addiction<\/jats:italic> and of daily consumption with <jats:italic>addiction<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>habit<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Validity and reliability of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRSS<\/jats:styled-content> were shown in a sample of pregnant smokers. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content><jats:italic>ension reduction<\/jats:italic> was the most important reason for continued smoking, followed by <jats:italic>pleasure<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>addiction<\/jats:italic>. Although the score for nicotine dependence was low, <jats:italic>addiction<\/jats:italic> was an important reason for continued smoking during pregnancy; therefore, nicotine replacement therapy could be considered. Half of the respondents experienced depressive symptoms. Hence, it is important to identify those women who need more specialized care, which can include not only smoking cessation counselling but also treatment for depression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jep.12500","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,4]],"date-time":"2016-01-04T01:40:42Z","timestamp":1451871642000},"page":"403-410","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The <scp>M<\/scp>odified <scp>R<\/scp>easons for <scp>S<\/scp>moking <scp>S<\/scp>cale: factorial structure, validity and reliability in pregnant smokers"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Katrien Sophie","family":"De Wilde","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Odisee University College  Sint\u2010Niklaas Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Inge","family":"Tency","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Odisee University College  Sint\u2010Niklaas Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hedwig","family":"Boudrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stop\u2010smoking Clinic Ghent University Hospital  Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marleen","family":"Temmerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Ghent University  Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lea","family":"Maes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Ghent University  Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Els","family":"Clays","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Ghent University  Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-536X.2007.00194.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD001055.pub3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hoppenbrouwers K. 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