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Parents' participation in decision making has not gained sufficient attention in practice. Understanding factors affecting parents' participation is required. This study is part of a comprehensive project that explored the process of parents' participation in decision making for neonates with life\u2010threatening conditions. The current study aimed to explore healthcare professionals\u2010related factors affecting parents' participation in decision\u2010making for neonates with life\u2010threatening conditions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A grounded theory methodology was used in the comprehensive project. Twenty\u2010two interviews\/68\u2009hours of observation were conducted. Data were concurrently analysed throughout data generation and constant comparative analysis. Data collected until theoretical saturation was reached, the extracted categories were coherent and the emerging theory made sense. After coding stages, the core category and the relationships with other main categories involved in the process of parents' participation in decision\u2010making were developed. For this study, the category reflecting healthcare professionals\u2010related factors affecting parents' participation in decision\u2010making was reported.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Four themes were found: <jats:bold>risk aversion<\/jats:bold> including fear of litigation, fear of being accountable to the parents, and fear of bearing emotional distress; <jats:bold>unprofessionalism<\/jats:bold> including poor adherence to professional ethics, inadequate skill\/knowledge, poor communication, and nurses' negligence in playing their professional role; <jats:bold>information deficiencies<\/jats:bold> including insufficient information, conflicting information, and complex and technical information, and <jats:bold>clashes of attitudes<\/jats:bold> including conflict about parents' participation in decision\u2010making and conflict about the best interest of neonates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Professionals should be aware of their role in involving parents in decision making. Training professionals on family centred care principle and communication skills contribute to support parents emotionally and respond empathically to their negative expressions. Training on ethics, development, and dissemination of guidelines and rules of conduct can make professionals more sensitive to ethical aspects of their work and may reduce their fear of litigation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jep.13492","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,26]],"date-time":"2020-10-26T03:49:01Z","timestamp":1603684141000},"page":"885-897","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Healthcare professionals\u2010related factors affecting parents' participation in decision making for neonates with life\u2010threatening conditions: A qualitative study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8554-2735","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marjan","family":"Banazadeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing Care Research Centre Iran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"},{"name":"School of Nursing and 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