{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T02:43:53Z","timestamp":1775789033294,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,19]],"date-time":"2024-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734566400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Evaluation Clinical Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Throughout the twentieth century and beyond, a global trend of declining mortality rates and an increase in life expectancies was noted until the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019) pandemic. A reduction in life expectancies was observed in most countries, including South Asia, during 2020 and 2021 due to the excess mortality caused by the pandemic.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aims to examine the change in life expectancy in selected South Asian countries and the relative change in age\u2010 and sex\u2010specific mortality rates over time due to the COVID\u201019 pandemic. In addition to that, we further examined the effect of a pandemic on a short\u2010term forecast of life expectancy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Data and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Estimated age\u2010 and sex\u2010specific mortality rates of seven South Asian countries were utilised from the 2022 revision of the World Population Prospects (WPP 2022). Changes in life expectancies are estimated using standard life table estimation techniques. To estimate the relative change in age\u2010 and sex\u2010specific mortality levels and change in mortality forecasts as a result of the pandemic, we applied the Lee\u2010Carter method.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The application of the Lee\u2013Carter model revealed age\u2010 and sex\u2010specific variations in mortality improvements, reflecting heightened mortality rates within the region. This decline in mortality improvement is highly observed for both sexes in Pakistan, followed by India and Bangladesh. Populations exhibiting slower rates of improvement throughout their lifespan demonstrated minimal alterations attributable to the pandemic's impact. Comparative life expectancy forecasts indicate a slower rise in post\u2010pandemic life expectancy at birth and in remaining life expectancies at older ages among most of these populations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>These findings highlight the pandemic's profound impact on mortality dynamics, emphasising the need for targeted interventions to mitigate its long\u2010term effects on population health and longevity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jep.14258","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,19]],"date-time":"2024-12-19T07:46:06Z","timestamp":1734594366000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Effect of Excess Mortality on Longevity During the COVID\u201019 Pandemic in South Asia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8627-187X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahbab Mohammad Fazle","family":"Rabbi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Sciences University of Dhaka  Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1817-3730","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hafiz T. A.","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Group, College of Nursing, Midwifery and Healthcare University of West London  London UK"},{"name":"The Oxford Institute of Population Ageing The University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.11.189"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization \u201cWorld Health Organization Coronavirus (COVID\u201019) Dashboard \u201d WHO Geneva Switzerland 2022 https:\/\/covid19.who.int."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41562-022-01450-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18356\/9789210014380"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","volume-title":"Demography\u2010Measuring and Modeling Population Processes","author":"Preston S.","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1069675"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1728-4457.2005.00083.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-023-16426-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2023.101480"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n1343"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2021-066768","article-title":"Effects of Covid\u201019 Pandemic on Life Expectancy and Premature Mortality in 2020: Time Series Analysis in 37 Countries","volume":"375","author":"Islam N.","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jep.13866"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-83040-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/dem.2001.0036"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s41118-018-0042-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17441730.2023.2193483"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-021-11690-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0276966"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2021.2016010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.12.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m1190"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.37107\/jhas.184"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fsoc.2021.629693"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.21-0864"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1871526522666220208115101"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2290201"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s41118-021-00123-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.20-1416"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","first-page":"59","article-title":"Maximum Life Expectancies: Revisiting the Best Practice Trends","volume":"65","author":"Canudas\u2010Romo V. 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