{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T13:58:07Z","timestamp":1785592687812,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777766400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777766400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00cdfico e Tecnol\u00d3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004901","name":"Funda\u00c7\u00c3o de Amparo \u00c0 Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004901","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100016060","name":"Funda\u00c7\u00c3o Educacional Lucas Machado","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100016060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00c7\u00c3o de Aperfei\u00c7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00cdvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Evaluation Clinical Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ChatGPT is a cost\u2010effective artificial intelligence (AI) tool designed to facilitate virtual interactions with humans, and its application in healthcare is expanding. However, research on ChatGPT's effectiveness in public healthcare, particularly for cardiac patients, is still limited. This study aims to evaluate ChatGPT's potential in managing cardiovascular health for patients with acute or chronic cardiac conditions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analyzed real medical records from \u2018The Cardiovascular Care\u2019 program, affiliated with a university outpatient clinic. ChatGPT's performance was evaluated in terms of its ability to analyze clinical cases, propose diagnoses, and recommend appropriate actions. We also assessed whether ChatGPT's accuracy and errors varied depending on disease severity, rarity, mortality risk, and urgency.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>When compared to physicians' records, ChatGPT provided correct responses in 43% of diagnostic hypotheses, 5% of recommended supplementary exams, and 10% of laboratory tests. It showed significant accuracy and discernment in diagnosing conditions influenced by factors such as severity, rarity, risk of death, and urgency. However, this discernment did not extend to recommendations for supplementary exams and laboratory tests. Interestingly, while ChatGPT's responses in these areas were often only partially accurate, they tended to be more detailed, sometimes unnecessarily so, than those provided by physicians. Diagnostic hypotheses from multiple models, including ChatGPT Health, DeepSeek, Gemini Pro, Perplexity AI, and ESC Chat, were also evaluated. Performance varied across models, with ChatGPT demonstrating the highest diagnostic accuracy among those assessed, despite still producing incorrect outputs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although ChatGPT demonstrates some diagnostic capability, its overall reliability remains questionable, with performance at times approaching random chance. Caution is advised when considering its use in clinical decision\u2010making.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jep.70465","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T21:05:31Z","timestamp":1777842331000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["ChatGPT in Public Cardiovascular Healthcare: Accuracy, Limitations, and Implications"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Lara Borja","family":"Mialarett","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brasil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thiago Lott","family":"Bezerra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brasil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuela Carneiro","family":"Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brasil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juliano Moreira Reis","family":"Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post\u2010Graduate Program in Health Sciences Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brasil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5788-6223","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julliane","family":"V. 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