{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T13:58:07Z","timestamp":1785592687342,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779753600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779753600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Evaluation Clinical Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Rationale<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Chronic pain is difficult to treat and pain medication is often ineffective and associated with side\u2010effects. Thus, alternative treatments are frequently used. Sophrology is a method to improve wellbeing combining Western and Eastern practices. Widely used in French\u2010speaking countries for over 40 years. Sophrology uses relaxation, breathing exercises, visualisations, and bodily movements. Benefits include reduced anxiety and depression, improved stress and pain management, as well as enhanced sleep quality. However, little is known of its effectiveness on pain management in the UK.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims and Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study assessed the feasibility and potential impact of an 8\u2010week sophrology intervention among British adults living with chronic pain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A pilot study using a randomised controlled trial design comparing individuals participating in an 8\u2010week sophrology intervention with a control group was conducted.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>One hundred participants were randomised into two groups and completed a baseline and 8\u2010week follow\u2010up assessment. Scales assessed levels of pain, disability, sleep disturbances, anxiety, depression, life satisfaction, resilience, pain catastrophising tendency and pain medication. Open questions were used to collect feedback on the intervention. Mixed analyses of variance were conducted to compare scores within\u2010 and between\u2010subjects. Qualitative data were analysed using thematic analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>17 participants completed the intervention and follow\u2010up questionnaire compared to 26 in the control (CG). Compared to the CG, the intervention group displayed significant reductions in pain medication usage, rumination, magnification, depression, anxiety and disability levels, sleep disturbances, as well as a significant increase in treatment satisfaction. There was no difference in life satisfaction and resilience scores between groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sophrology can be an effective technique in improving wellbeing and reducing pain medication usage, which has implications for chronic pain management. A larger study is needed to assess sophrology's benefits and compare these to that of alternative treatments, as well as to explore the reasons for dropout rates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jep.70474","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T14:38:32Z","timestamp":1779806312000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Pilot Study Assessing the Feasibility, Acceptability and Potential Impact of an 8\u2010Week Sophrology Intervention for People With Chronic Pain in the UK"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Charlotte","family":"Chatfield","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychological Studies, School of Human and Social Sciences University of West London Brentford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Lafarge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Graduate School University of West London London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Audrey","family":"Zannese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Sophrology Academy Ashford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","volume-title":"IASP Announces Revised Definition of Pain","author":"International Association for the Study of Pain","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-010364"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copsyc.2024.101985"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/sjpain-2018-0095"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","first-page":"141","article-title":"Functional Disability and Quality of Life in Older Adults With Chronic Low Back Pain","volume":"13","author":"Tansuwanond W.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Pain Management"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.05.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-018-0872-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2019.03.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000775"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.3365"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2017.04.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S47182"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11096-020-01205-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","volume-title":"Chronic Pain in over 16s: Assessment and Management","author":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnab151"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eujim.2020.101106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/m16-2459"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2021.108468"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/WOR-192919"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","article-title":"Exploring the Association Between Complementary and Alternative Medicine and Emotional Health in Adults With Chronic Pain","volume":"101","author":"Ballou D. M.","year":"2025","journal-title":"International Social Science Review"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40122-024-00688-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00029157.1964.10402403"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17784\/mtprehabjournal.2016.14.386"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","first-page":"200","article-title":"Effectiveness of a 4\u2010week Sophrology Program for Primary Care Patients With Moderate to High Anxiety Levels: A Randomised Controlled Trial","volume":"48","author":"Rangelrooij K.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Actas Espa\u00f1olas de Psiquiatr\u00eda"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","volume-title":"Results of a Stress Management Program for Graduate Students Based on Relaxation associated With HRV Biofeedback","author":"Zuyderhoff M.","year":"2008"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","article-title":"Clinical Forms of Subcortical Aphasia in Stroke and Their Recovery Using the Sophrology Method","volume":"13","author":"Lolo\u015f R.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Palestrica of the Third Millennium\u2014Civilization and Sport"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9790\/0837-19513134"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","unstructured":"Macmillan Mind\u2010Body Therapies https:\/\/www.macmillan.org.uk\/cancer-information-and-support\/treatment\/coping-with-treatment\/complementary-therapies\/mind-body-therapies."},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","first-page":"205","article-title":"Assess the Effectiveness of Sophrology on Level of Pain and Comfort During the First Stage of Labour Among Primigravida Mothers in Selected Hospital, Tiruvannamalai","volume":"11","author":"Merlin A.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Asian Journal of Nursing Education and Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/apm.2018.07.02"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annfar.2008.12.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbmt.2018.02.005"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","first-page":"433","article-title":"A Multidisciplinary Approach for Patients With Non\u2010Specific Chronic Low Back Pain: Study Protocol and Preliminary Findings","volume":"15","author":"Serra E. B.","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of Psychology and Psychological Therapy"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","volume-title":"The Role of Pilot Feasibility & Acceptability Studies in Randomized Controlled Trials","author":"Nailand T.","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-022233"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.1194"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/her\/cym01"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.20543"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2015.03.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0738-3991(98)00107-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.7.4.524"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/pms.1984.59.3.974"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(89)90047-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.10.1092"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327752jpa4901_13"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10705500802222972"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203771587"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","volume-title":"Code of Ethics and Conduct","author":"British Psychological Society","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.publhealth.23.100901.140546"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","first-page":"147","article-title":"Is It Really Robust? Reinvestigating the Robustness of ANOVA Against Violations of the Normal Distribution","volume":"6","author":"Schminder E.","year":"2010","journal-title":"European Journal of Psychological Assessment"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_1","volume-title":"Outcome Measures","author":"British Pain Society & Faculty of Medicine","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2017.08.020"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_56_1","first-page":"13","article-title":"Social Isolation and the Perceived Importance of In\u2010Person Care Amongst Rural Older Adults With Chronic Pain: A Review and Emerging Research Agenda","volume":"7","author":"Philip L. J.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Pain Management"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.NCN.0000299655.21401.9d"}],"container-title":["Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jep.70474","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/jep.70474","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jep.70474","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T13:23:20Z","timestamp":1785590600000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jep.70474"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jep.70474"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jep.70474","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1356-1294","1365-2753"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1356-1294","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2753","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-03-25","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-22","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-05-26","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70474"}}