{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T21:40:36Z","timestamp":1788471636601,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,21]],"date-time":"2020-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597968000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Esthet Restor Dent"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To compare the ability of resin\u2010modified glass ionomer (RMGI) and bioactive cements to prevent root dentin demineralization.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifty molars were prepared at the cementum\u2010enamel junction (n = 10) and restored with three bioactive cements (Activa Bioactive Cement, ACT; Ceramir Crown and Bridge, CER; and Theracem, THE), a self\u2010adhesive resin cement (Rely X Unicem 2, UNI), and a RMGI cement (Rely X Luting Plus, LUT). Specimens were cycled for 30\u2009days between a demineralization solution (pH = 4) composed of 0.1 M lactic acid and 3\u2009mM Ca<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>(PO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>)<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> for 4 hours and a remineralization solution (pH = 7.0) composed of 1.5\u2009mM Ca, 0.9\u2009mM P, and 20\u2009mM Tris(hydroxymethyl)\u2010aminomethane for 20\u2009hours. Specimens were sectioned to 100\u2009\u03bcm and evaluated with polarized light microscopy. A line was drawn parallel with the zone of demineralization for each tooth. The areas of \u201cinhibition\u201d (external to the line) were measured as positive values and \u201cwall lesions\u201d (pulpal to the line) were measured as negative areas.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Significant differences were found between materials for \u201cinhibition\/wall lesion\u201d areas in root dentin (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001) and ranked as (\u03bcm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009SD): LUT (7700\u2009\u00b1\u20092500)\u2009&gt;\u2009CER (3800\u2009\u00b1\u20091900), THE (2100\u2009\u00b1\u20092600), and ACT (1400\u2009\u00b1\u2009700)\u2009&gt;\u2009UNI (\u22122000\u2009\u00b1\u20091700).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bioactive cements showed net areas of demineralization inhibition albeit at a lower level than a reference RMGI cement.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Clinical Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>RMGI or bioactive cements may be indicated for patients at risk of secondary caries around crown margins.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jerd.12645","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,21]],"date-time":"2020-08-21T12:56:39Z","timestamp":1598014599000},"page":"791-796","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Inhibition of root dentin demineralization by ion releasing cements"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Chan\u2010Te","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biomaterials University of Alabama at Birmingham  Birmingham Alabama USA"},{"name":"Department of Dentistry Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung  Keelung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus B.","family":"Blatz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive and Restorative Sciences University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Celin","family":"Arce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Prosthodontics University of Alabama at Birmingham  Birmingham Alabama USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9684-2015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nathaniel C.","family":"Lawson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biomaterials University of Alabama at Birmingham  Birmingham Alabama USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2015.02.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03262772"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","first-page":"52","article-title":"In vitro evaluation of secondary caries development in enamel and root dentin around luted metallic restoration","volume":"26","author":"Shinkai RS","year":"2001","journal-title":"Oper Dent"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","first-page":"509","article-title":"Effect of luting cement on dental biofilm composition and secondary caries around metallic restorations in situ","volume":"29","author":"Moura JS","year":"2004","journal-title":"Oper Dent"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-013-1137-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adaj.2019.01.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","unstructured":"American Dental Association Clinical Evaluators Panel Survey.Bioactive materials.2018.https:\/\/www.ada.org\/~\/media\/ADA\/Science%20and%20Research\/Files\/ACE_Panel_Report_Bioactive_Materials_Q2_2018.pdf?la=en"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ma13102313"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","first-page":"86","article-title":"Physical and biological properties of a newly developed calcium silicate\u2010based self\u2010adhesive cement","volume":"31","author":"Chen L","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Dent"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2007.06.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2003.09.053"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jerd.12133"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2019.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","first-page":"656","article-title":"Crown retention strength and ion release of bioactive cements","volume":"97","author":"Reznik J","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17219\/acem\/94140"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4012\/dmj.2017-161"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","first-page":"305","article-title":"Fluoride release and re\u2010release from a bioactive restorative material","volume":"30","author":"May E","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Dent"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","first-page":"1896","article-title":"Remineralization around ceramir restoration","volume":"97","author":"Dentin AL","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","first-page":"8","article-title":"Fluoride release and caries inhibition associated with a resin\u2010modified glass\u2010ionomer cement at varying fluoride loading doses","volume":"15","author":"Donly KJ","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Dent"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","first-page":"166","article-title":"Dentin and enamel demineralization inhibition at restoration margins of Vitremer, Z 100 and Cention N","volume":"31","author":"Donly KJ","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Dent"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/154405910408300604"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2017.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11607\/prd.3992"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2280800020905768"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4802708"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.30253"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","first-page":"524","article-title":"Fluoride releasing materials: their anti\u2010cariogenic properties tested in in vitro caries models","volume":"29","author":"S\u00e1 LT","year":"2004","journal-title":"Oper Dent"}],"container-title":["Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jerd.12645","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/jerd.12645","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jerd.12645","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,4]],"date-time":"2023-09-04T23:58:08Z","timestamp":1693871888000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jerd.12645"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,21]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jerd.12645"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jerd.12645","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1496-4155","1708-8240"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1496-4155","type":"print"},{"value":"1708-8240","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-06-22","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-08-05","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-08-21","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}