{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T09:43:02Z","timestamp":1792662182873,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792627200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792627200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Esthet Restor Dent"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the clinical accuracy, usefulness, global overall quality (GQS), and readability of ChatGPT, Gemini, and DeepSeek responses to patient questions regarding dental caries.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fifty\u2010nine simulated patient questions concerning caries diagnosis, etiology, treatment, and prevention were queried in Turkish. Three restorative dentists independently evaluated the responses for accuracy, usefulness, and GQS. Readability was assessed using the Ate\u015fman index. Statistical analyses included the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for interrater reliability, the Friedman test for performance comparisons among the models, and Spearman's rank correlation to analyze the relationships between the clinical variables.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Inter\u2010rater reliability was high across all criteria (ICC\u2009&gt;\u20090.75). Significant performance differences existed among the models (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001); Gemini achieved the highest overall clinical accuracy, usefulness, and GQS scores. ChatGPT produced the most readable texts, categorized generally as \u201ceasy to read\u201d according to the Ate\u015fman index. For DeepSeek, higher clinical accuracy significantly correlated with better readability (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Gemini offers the highest accuracy and quality as a digital preconsultation tool. However, AI tools should complement, not replace, professional dental advice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jerd.70284","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T09:27:42Z","timestamp":1792661262000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Artificial Intelligence as a Digital Consultant: Evaluating Large Language Models for Patient Inquiries on Dental Caries"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-0350-7573","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bet\u00fcl","family":"Erdal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Restorative Dentistry Faculty of Dentistry, Aksaray University  Aksaray T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatmanur Merve","family":"Duman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Restorative Dentistry Faculty of Dentistry, K\u0131r\u0131kkale University  K\u0131r\u0131kkale T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-2899-6731","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehmet Robin","family":"Alt\u0131nk\u0131l\u0131\u00e7","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Restorative Dentistry Faculty of Dentistry, K\u0131r\u0131kkale University  K\u0131r\u0131kkale T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5009-0428","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meltem","family":"Horoz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Faculty of Dentistry, K\u0131r\u0131kkale University  K\u0131r\u0131kkale T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","volume-title":"Sturdevant's Art and Science of Operative Dentistry, Eighth Edition","author":"Ritter A. V.","year":"2026"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization \u201cSugars and Dental Caries \u201d2025 June 9 https:\/\/www.who.int\/news\u2010room\/fact\u2010sheets\/detail\/sugars\u2010and\u2010dental\u2010caries."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903\u2010025\u201006475\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.51847\/coBValKcm4"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000485107"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11030788"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2024.04.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","first-page":"e50629","article-title":"ChatGPT Performance in Diagnostic Clinical Microbiology Laboratory\u2010Oriented Case Scenarios","volume":"15","author":"Sallam M.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nepr.2025.104668"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/48568"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784\u2010024\u201005566\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jerd.13046"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ipd.13283"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2025.04.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.96436"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551\u2010025\u201001471\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Advances in Information Technology","author":"Nguyen T. 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