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Coccidia, cryptosporidia, and microsporidia were detected in 46.2%, 11.7%, and 44.0% of the samples (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0687), whereas histomona and hematozoa were undetected. Coccidia consisted of one major and two minor <jats:italic>Eimeria<\/jats:italic> species. Cryptosporidia were represented by a major unknown <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic> species and <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium baileyi<\/jats:italic>. Detected microsporidia species were highly diverse, in which only 11% were native avian parasites including <jats:italic>Encephalitozoon hellem<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Encephalitozoon cuniculi<\/jats:italic>, whereas 33% were closely related to species from insects (e.g. <jats:italic>Antonospora<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> Liebermannia<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Sporanauta<\/jats:italic>). This survey suggests that coccidia infections are a significant risk factor in the health of wild quail while cryptosporidia and microsporidia may be much less significant than coccidiosis. In addition, the presence of <jats:italic>E.\u00a0hellem<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>E.\u00a0cuniculi<\/jats:italic> (known to cause opportunistic infections in humans) suggests that wild quail could serve as a reservoir for human microsporidian pathogens, and individuals with compromised or weakened immunity should probably take precautions while directly handling wild quail.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jeu.12330","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,25]],"date-time":"2016-05-25T07:48:04Z","timestamp":1464162484000},"page":"4-17","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Multiyear Survey of Coccidia, Cryptosporidia, Microsporidia, Histomona, and Hematozoa in Wild Quail in the Rolling Plains Ecoregion of Texas and Oklahoma, USA"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Lixin","family":"Xiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058 China"},{"name":"Department of Veterinary Pathobiology College of Veterinary Medicine &amp; 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