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We researched their myxospore morphology, and analyzed their genetic similarity and phylogenic relationships to other myxozoans based on small subunit ribosomal DNA (18S rDNA) sequences. Although both parasites recovered were morphologically similar, the myxosporean isolated from\n                    <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\u00a0\n                    <jats:italic>auratus<\/jats:italic>\n                    was consistent in morphology to\n                    <jats:italic>Myxidium<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:italic>cuneiforme<\/jats:italic>\n                    , which was described from this host species. The parasite isolated from\n                    <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>c<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\u00a0\n                    <jats:italic>carpio<\/jats:italic>\n                    had overlapping myxospore dimensions to\n                    <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\u00a0\n                    <jats:italic>cuneiforme<\/jats:italic>\n                    , but on average, the polar capsules were not as long. More importantly, this parasite was genetically distinct from\n                    <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\u00a0\n                    <jats:italic>cuneiforme<\/jats:italic>\n                    with 96.3% and 96.5% similarity in two sequences of 18S rDNA, and we propose the name\n                    <jats:italic>Myxidium<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:italic>pseudocuneiforme<\/jats:italic>\n                    n. sp. for this myxozoan from common carp. Its mature myxospores are ellipsoidal and asymmetric with pointed ends in valvular view, arc\u2010shaped or fusiform in sutural view. The pyriform polar capsules are equal in size, and polar filament with 5\u20136 coils. This study highlights that molecular characteristics and host specificity are indispensable for myxozoan species identification when presented with the taxonomic dilemma of whether we are observing one species that exhibits slight morphological differences or multiple, but similar, species in different hosts.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jeu.12859","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,22]],"date-time":"2021-05-22T12:55:47Z","timestamp":1621688147000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Description of\n                    <i>Myxidium<\/i>\n                    <i>pseudocuneiforme<\/i>\n                    n. sp. (Myxosporea: Myxidiidae) from\n                    <i>Cyprinus<\/i>\n                    <i>carpio<\/i>\n                    in China, with the resolution on a taxonomic dilemma of\n                    <i>Myxidium<\/i>\n                    <i>cuneiforme<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Wei","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education) School of Life Sciences Southwest University Chongqing China"},{"name":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology College of Life Sciences Chongqing Normal University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diaodiao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology College of Life Sciences Chongqing Normal University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6139-0426","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher M.","family":"Whipps","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Environmental Science and Forestry Biology State University of New York (SUNY\u2010ESF) Syracuse NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chengzhong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology College of Life Sciences Chongqing Normal University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0438-0747","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuanjun","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology College of Life Sciences Chongqing Normal University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-14753-6_6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-016-5187-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3284453"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-010-2100-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2014.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.molbev.a026334"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","first-page":"211","volume-title":"Fauna sinica, Myxozoa: Myxosporea","author":"Chen Q.L.","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11230-011-9315-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2017.04.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12639-019-01171-x"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.3724\/issn1000-3207-1990-1-68-2","article-title":"Four new species of myxosporidia from the freshwater fishes in Danjiangkou reservoir","volume":"14","author":"Feng S.J.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-1606.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2006.06.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-14753-6_5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","first-page":"45","article-title":"Studies on myxosporidian infection of the crucian carp","volume":"1","author":"Fujita T.","year":"1924","journal-title":"Japanese Journal of Zoology"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ympev.2014.01.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2540.2001.00895.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11230-013-9454-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11230-012-9400-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3897\/zookeys.219.3944"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","first-page":"61","article-title":"Review of Myxidium (Protozoa: Myxozoa: Myxosporea)","volume":"6","author":"Jayasri M.","year":"1982","journal-title":"Protozoology Abstracts"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Studies on Myxosporidia. 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