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Additionally, they are one of the three clades proposed to ancestrally possess an \u201cexcavate\u201d cell morphology, with a conspicuous ventral groove accompanied by a posterior flagellum with a vane. Here, we cultivate and characterize four anaerobic bacterivorous flagellates from hypersaline and alkaline soda lake environments, which represent a novel clade. Small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene phylogenies support recent phylogenomic analyses in placing them as the sister of barthelonids, a group that is itself sister to or deeply branching within Fornicata (Metamonada). The new isolates have a distinctive morphology: the hunchbacked cell body is traversed by a narrow ventral groove ending in a large opening to a conspicuous recurrent cytopharynx. The right margin of the groove is defined by a thin \u201clip.\u201d The posterior flagellum bears a wide ventral\u2010facing vane. The narrow ventral groove and elongate cytopharynx are shared with barthelonids. We describe one isolate as <jats:italic>Skoliomonas litria<\/jats:italic>, gen. et sp. nov. Further investigation of their mitochondrial\u2010related organelles (MROs) and detailed ultrastructural studies would be important to understanding the adaptation to anaerobic conditions in Metamonads\u2014especially fornicates\u2014as well as the evolution of the \u201cexcavate\u201d cell architecture.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jeu.13048","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,3]],"date-time":"2024-09-03T10:51:38Z","timestamp":1725360698000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Characterization of <i>Skoliomonas<\/i> gen. nov., a haloalkaliphilic anaerobe related to barthelonids (Metamonada)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"71","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2178-3062","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yana","family":"Eglit","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, and Institute for Comparative Genomics Dalhousie University  Halifax Nova Scotia Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7005-5208","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shelby K.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, and Institute for Comparative Genomics Dalhousie University  Halifax Nova Scotia Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1370-9820","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Roger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, and Institute for Comparative Genomics Dalhousie University  Halifax Nova Scotia Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4133-1709","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alastair G. 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