{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T21:18:29Z","timestamp":1757452709493,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,17]],"date-time":"2017-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1484611200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Fish Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The comparative morphology of the scales of roundscale spearfish<jats:italic>Tetrapturus georgii<\/jats:italic>and white marlin<jats:italic>Kajikia albida<\/jats:italic>was investigated. In addition, variation in scale morphology across different body regions within each species was analysed. Although considerable morphological variation was observed among scales from different body regions in both species, scales of<jats:italic>K. albida<\/jats:italic>generally have pointed anterior ends, fewer posterior points and are more heavily imbricated than those of<jats:italic>T. georgii<\/jats:italic>, which are frequently rounded anteriorly, often have many posterior points and are separated farther within the skin. In all sampled body regions and individuals, scales of<jats:italic>T. georgii<\/jats:italic>are significantly broader and have a lower length\u2010to\u2010width aspect ratio than those of<jats:italic>K. albida<\/jats:italic>. Superficial to the scales are denticular plates, which are ossified formations occurring on the surface layer of the epidermis; these were observed and described for<jats:italic>T. georgii<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>K. albida<\/jats:italic>and blue marlin<jats:italic>Makaira nigricans<\/jats:italic>. Detailed scale descriptions allow for a more accurate characterization of the variation within and differences between these two species and could potentially be a valuable tool for investigating istiophorid systematics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jfb.13248","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,18]],"date-time":"2017-01-18T05:01:37Z","timestamp":1484715697000},"page":"1548-1569","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Comparative morphology of the scales of roundscale spearfish<i><scp>T<\/scp>etrapturus georgii<\/i>and white marlin<i><scp>K<\/scp>ajikia albida<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"E. L.","family":"Loose","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia Institute of Marine Science College of William &amp; Mary, 1375 Greate Road Gloucester Point VA 23062 U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E. J.","family":"Hilton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia Institute of Marine Science College of William &amp; Mary, 1375 Greate Road Gloucester Point VA 23062 U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. E.","family":"Graves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia Institute of Marine Science College of William &amp; Mary, 1375 Greate Road Gloucester Point VA 23062 U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5962\/bhl.title.4275"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.94.2439.300"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5343\/bms.2010.1036"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_1_5_1","first-page":"155","article-title":"Roundscale spearfish Tetrapturus georgii: morphology, distribution and relative abundance in the western North Atlantic","volume":"82","author":"Beerkircher L. R.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Bulletin of Marine Science"},{"volume-title":"Fish Locomotion","year":"1983","author":"Blake R. 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