{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T09:54:52Z","timestamp":1772963692074,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,30]],"date-time":"2017-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1501372800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Fish Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This study focuses on plerocercoids of the cestode <jats:italic>Diphyllobothrium ditremum<\/jats:italic> in brown trout <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>Salmo trutta<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> from the subalpine lake \u00d8vre Heimdalsvatn in south\u2013central Norway. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>Salmo trutta<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> was the only fish species in this lake until European minnow <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>Phoxinus phoxinus<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> was registered in 1969. The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>P. phoxinus<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> population increased substantially in the following years. In contrast with the 1969\u20131972 period, when plerocercoids of <jats:italic>D. ditremum<\/jats:italic> were practically absent in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>S. trutta<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content>, there was a high prevalence and intensity of infection in the 2013 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>S. trutta<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> samples. Because the life cycle of <jats:italic>D. ditremum<\/jats:italic> involves two larval stages, in copepods and salmonids and mature worms in piscivorous birds, such as mergansers and loons, a change in feeding ecology of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>S. trutta<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> or changes in population densities of copepods, fish or birds might have influenced the infection pattern. No relationships between <jats:italic>D. ditremum<\/jats:italic> infection and muscle\u2010tissue <jats:italic>\u03b4<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>15<\/jats:sup>N signature or Hg concentration were found, indicating that infection is not a result of piscivory or cannibalism. Furthermore, consumption of copepods by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>S. trutta<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> during summer and autumn was low. On the other hand, the number of piscivorous birds has increased, probably due to the presence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>P. phoxinus<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> as a new and numerous prey. An increased number of final <jats:italic>D. ditremum<\/jats:italic> hosts may have produced a higher output of cestode eggs, resulting in more infected copepods that in turn are consumed by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>S. trutta<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content>. Indirectly, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>P. phoxinus<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> may therefore have caused the observed increased infection in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>S. trutta<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> and thereby imposed further negative effects on <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>S. trutta<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> in high mountain areas.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jfb.13391","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,31]],"date-time":"2017-07-31T02:06:44Z","timestamp":1501466804000},"page":"912-927","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Plerocercoids of the cestode <i>Diphyllobothrium ditremum<\/i> in brown trout <scp><i>Salmo trutta<\/i><\/scp>: substantial increase in infection after establishment of European minnow <scp><i>Phoxinus phoxinus<\/i><\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"R.","family":"Borgstr\u00f8m","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, N\u20101432 \u00c5s  Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Tr\u00f8mborg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, N\u20101432 \u00c5s  Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T. O.","family":"Haugen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, N\u20101432 \u00c5s  Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B. O.","family":"Rosseland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, N\u20101432 \u00c5s  Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAC.1974.1100705"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/z90-176"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00442-012-2461-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00006946"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.1998.0431"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10750-010-0161-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00300-014-1587-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10750-010-0154-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-2917-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/372255a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.20.10844"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/icesjms\/29.1.73"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8649.2008.01920.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_1_15_1","first-page":"15","article-title":"Habitat selection and territory size of the black\u2010throated diver, \n                     Gavia arctica\n                   (L.), in south Norway","volume":"22","author":"Dunker H.","year":"1974","journal-title":"Norwegian Journal of Zoology"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2427.1972.tb01575.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2845605"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3676567"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_1_19_1","first-page":"113","article-title":"Studies of the helminth fauna of Norway XV: on the taxonomy and biology of plerocercoids of Diphyllobothrium Cobbold 1858 (Cestoda, Pseudophyllidea) from north\u2010western Europe","volume":"18","author":"Halvorsen O.","year":"1970","journal-title":"Nytt Magasin for Zoologi"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8649.1984.tb04878.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0706.2000.880105.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1577\/1548-8659(1983)112<27:AASSIH>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8649.1977.tb04116.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8649.1978.tb03413.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1570"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_1_26_1","first-page":"18","article-title":"On the dynamics and exploitation of the population of brown trout (\n                     Salmo trutta\n                   L), in Lake \u00d8vre Heimdalsvatn, Southern Norway","volume":"56","author":"Jensen K. 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