{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T18:57:42Z","timestamp":1792695462260,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,6]],"date-time":"2020-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1578268800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Fish Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The anabolic effect of exercise on muscles and bones is well documented. In teleost fish, exercise has been shown to accelerate skeletogenesis, to increase bone volume, and to change the shape of vertebral bodies. Still, increased swimming has also been reported to induce malformations of the teleost vertebral column, particularly lordosis. This study examines whether zebrafish (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>Danio rerio<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content>) develops lordosis as a result of continuous physical exercise. Zebrafish were subjected, for 1 week, to an increased swimming exercise of 5.0, 6.5 or 8.0 total body lengths (TL) per second. Control and exercise group zebrafish were examined for the presence of vertebral abnormalities, by <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> examination, whole mount staining for bone and cartilage and histology and micro\u2010computed tomography (CT) scanning. Exercise zebrafish developed a significantly higher rate of lordosis in the haemal part of the vertebral column. At the end of the experiment, the frequency of lordosis in the control groups was 0.5 \u00b1\u20091.3% and that in the exercise groups was 7.5\u2009\u00b1\u200910.6%, 47.5\u2009\u00b1\u200910.6% and 92.5 \u00b1\u20096.0% of 5.0, 6.5 and 8.0 TL\u2219s<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, respectively. Histological analysis and CT scanning revealed abnormal vertebrae with dorsal folding of the vertebral body end plates. Possible mechanisms that trigger lordotic spine malformations are discussed. This is the first study to report a quick, reliable and welfare\u2010compatible method of inducing skeletal abnormalities in a vertebrate model during the post\u2010embryonic period.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jfb.14240","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,20]],"date-time":"2019-12-20T05:19:30Z","timestamp":1576819170000},"page":"987-994","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Exercise\u2010induced lordosis in zebrafish <scp><i>Danio rerio<\/i><\/scp> (Hamilton, 1822)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"Alice","family":"Printzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology Department University of Crete  Heraklion Crete Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefanos","family":"Fragkoulis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology Department University of Crete  Heraklion Crete Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anastasia","family":"Dimitriadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology Department University of Crete  Heraklion Crete Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kleoniki","family":"Keklikoglou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research  Heraklion Crete Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christos","family":"Arvanitidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research  Heraklion Crete Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. 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