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However, there is no systemic study on NLRs in Chinese tongue sole (<jats:italic>Cynoglossus semilaevis<\/jats:italic>), a popular maricultured fish in China. In the present study, a genome\u2010wide survey of NLRs was performed in<jats:italic>C. semilaevis<\/jats:italic>, with the identification of 29 NLRs, including five genes from the NLR\u2010A subfamily (referred to as<jats:italic>CsNOD1\u20105<\/jats:italic>), two genes from the NLR\u2010B subfamily, 18 genes from the NLR\u2010C subfamily (referred to as<jats:italic>CsNLR\u2010C1<\/jats:italic>to<jats:italic>18<\/jats:italic>) and four other NLR genes. Phylogenetic analysis implied that CsNOD1\u20105 contained conserved functional domains and had orthologous relationships with human NOD1\u20105. Moreover,<jats:italic>CsNLR\u2010C<\/jats:italic>genes all possessed the FISHNA domain, which is a fish\u2010specific NACHT subdomain. Expression analysis showed that<jats:italic>CsNOD1\u20105<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>CsNLR\u2010C1\/2<\/jats:italic>were ubiquitously expressed in various normal tissues. Bacterial infection with<jats:italic>Vibro harveyi<\/jats:italic>revealed distinct expression patterns of all the tested<jats:italic>CsNLR<\/jats:italic>s in gill, intestine, trunk kidney, liver and spleen. In particular,<jats:italic>CsNOD1\u20104<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>CsNLR\u2010C2<\/jats:italic>were significantly upregulated in gills at 48\u2009h post bacterial infection. In addition,<jats:italic>CsNOD3<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>CsNOD4<\/jats:italic>were significantly elevated in infectious intestine, trunk kidney, liver and spleen, revealing that their expressions were more sensitive to bacterial infection than other<jats:italic>CsNLR<\/jats:italic>s. Together with the computational protein\u2013protein interaction network of CsNLRs, it was suggested that individual NLR genes had different roles in the innate immune cascades of<jats:italic>C. semilaevi<\/jats:italic>against bacterial infection. This study provides valuable information for further studies on<jats:italic>CsNLR<\/jats:italic>immune function.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jfb.14871","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,4]],"date-time":"2021-08-04T08:23:19Z","timestamp":1628065399000},"page":"1786-1797","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["A genome\u2010wide survey of<scp>NOD<\/scp>\u2010like receptors in Chinese tongue sole (<scp><i>Cynoglossus semilaevis<\/i><\/scp>): Identification, characterization and expression analysis in response to bacterial infection"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"99","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7626-5609","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhangfan","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery 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