{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T02:06:18Z","timestamp":1779329178385,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770854400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770854400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Fish Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The objective was to estimate the movements and survival of Atlantic salmon smolts migrating downstream through a river\u2013lake system consisting of two large, interconnected lakes (areas 58.2 and 13.2\u2009km\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    , minimum crossing distance 29 and 16\u2009km). Whereas downstream migration in running waters is much studied, limited research in small lakes and reservoirs suggests that smolt survival may be lower when moving through still water. Across two migration seasons, wild and hatchery\u2010reared Atlantic salmon smolts were radio tagged and released in the inflowing river upstream the lake. Tracking of smolt individuals indicated major losses during lake migration. Among 300 radio\u2010tagged smolts, about 90% or more perished during lake migration with loss rates about 3%\u20134% per kilometre. Migration time through the lakes varied considerably by smolt individual. We conclude that Atlantic salmon downstream migration through lakes may represent major population sinks, on a scale similar to marine losses, but likely depending on exposure (travel distance, time, navigational complexity) and predation risk. This additional cost for salmon populations upstream of lakes makes them more vulnerable and less resilient to environmental stressors. They therefore require special management attention.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jfb.70341","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T13:44:33Z","timestamp":1770903873000},"page":"1384-1392","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The lake sink in\n                    <scp>Atlantic<\/scp>\n                    salmon smolt downstream migration"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"108","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4080-6896","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan","family":"Heggenes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Natural Sciences and Environmental Health University of South\u2010Eastern Norway  B\u00f8 Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eivind","family":"Schartum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Natural Sciences and Environmental Health University of South\u2010Eastern Norway  B\u00f8 Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Torgeir","family":"Havn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian Institute for Nature Research  Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Finn","family":"\u00d8kland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian Institute for Nature Research  Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2400.1999.00132.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0633.2003.00027.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/323586"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8649.1985.tb03222.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0633.2005.00112.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/z88-101"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","unstructured":"Carm K. &Langkaas O.(1993).Laks i Skiensvassdraget 1992 \u2013 Telemark Laksestyres virksomhet 1967\u20131992. 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Pavels H. Saltveit S. J. &Heggenes J.(2018).Utvandring av smolt i Telemarkvassdraget \u2013 B\u00f8elva 2016 og 2017 og Hedd\u00f8la 2017. Naturhistorisk Museum Universitetet i Oslo Naturhistorisk Museum Universitetet i Oslo."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","unstructured":"Schartum E. Pavels H. Saltveit S. J. &Heggenes J.(2022).Naturlig rekruttering og utvandring av smolt i elver til Norsj\u00f8. \u00c5rsrapport for 2021. Naturhistorisk Museum Universitetet i Oslo Naturhistorisk Museum Universitetet i Oslo."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","unstructured":"Solheim A. L. Schartau A. K. Bongard T. B\u00e6kkelie K. A. E. Dahl\u2010Hansen G. Demars B. O. L. Dokk J. G. Sandlund O. T. Skjelbred B. &Jenssen M. T. S.(2020).\u00d8KOSTOR 2019: Basisoverv\u00e5king av store innsj\u00f8er. Utpr\u00f8ving av metodikk for overv\u00e5king og klassifisering av \u00f8kologisk tilstand i henhold til vannforskriften. 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