{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T13:19:27Z","timestamp":1781788767890,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,7]],"date-time":"2013-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1357516800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Fish Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>There has been growing concern about the overuse of antibiotics in the ornamental fish industry and its possible effect on the increasing drug resistance in both commensal and pathogenic organisms in these fish. The aim of this study was to carry out an assessment of the diversity of bacteria, including pathogens, in ornamental fish species imported into <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">N<\/jats:styled-content>orth <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>merica and to assess their antibiotic resistance. Kidney samples were collected from 32 freshwater ornamental fish of various species, which arrived to an importing facility in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>ortland, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">O<\/jats:styled-content>regon from <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>olombia, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>ingapore and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">F<\/jats:styled-content>lorida. Sixty\u2010four unique bacterial colonies were isolated and identified by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content> using bacterial 16<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content> primers and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content> sequencing. Multiple isolates were identified as bacteria with potential to cause disease in both fish and humans. The antibiotic resistance profile of each isolate was performed for nine different antibiotics. Among them, cefotaxime (16% resistance among isolates) was the antibiotic associated with more activity, while the least active was tetracycline (77% resistant). Knowing information about the diversity of bacteria in imported ornamental fish, as well as the resistance profiles for the bacteria will be useful in more effectively treating clinical infected fish, and also potential zoonoses in the future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jfd.12044","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,7]],"date-time":"2013-01-07T15:39:10Z","timestamp":1357573150000},"page":"533-542","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Imported ornamental fish are colonized with antibiotic\u2010resistant bacteria"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"S","family":"Rose","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine Oregon State University Corvallis OR USA"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology College of Science Oregon State University Corvallis OR USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine Oregon State University Corvallis OR USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L E","family":"Bermudez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine Oregon State University Corvallis OR USA"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology College of Science Oregon State University Corvallis OR USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Miller\u2010Morgan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine Oregon State University Corvallis OR USA"},{"name":"Aquatic Animal Health Program Oregon Sea Grant Extension Oregon State University Corvallis OR USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8649.1990.tb05020.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2761.2006.00729.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.144.7.177"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1516-89132001000400007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Aerobic microflora of imported tropical ornamental fish from Singapore and South America. 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