{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T04:23:16Z","timestamp":1785212596637,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,14]],"date-time":"2013-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1376438400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Fish Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In 2003, the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>laska walleye pollock industry reported product quality issues attributed to an unspecified parasite in fish muscle. Using molecular and histological methods, we identified the parasite in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">B<\/jats:styled-content>ering <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>ea pollock as <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>chthyophonus<\/jats:italic>. Infected pollock were identified throughout the study area, and prevalence was greater in adults than in juveniles. This study not only provides the first documented report of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>chthyophonus<\/jats:italic> in any fish species captured in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">B<\/jats:styled-content>ering <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>ea, but also reveals that the parasite has been present in this region for nearly 20\u00a0years and is not a recent introduction. Sequence analysis of 18<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content> r<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content> from <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>chthyophonus<\/jats:italic> in pollock revealed that consensus sequences were identical to published parasite sequences from <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>acific herring and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">Y<\/jats:styled-content>ukon <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">R<\/jats:styled-content>iver <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>hinook salmon. Results from this study suggest potential for <jats:italic>Ichthyophonus<\/jats:italic> exposures from infected pollock via two trophic pathways; feeding on whole fish as prey and scavenging on industry\u2010discharged offal. Considering the notable <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>chthyophonus<\/jats:italic> levels in pollock, the low host specificity of the parasite and the role of this host as a central prey item in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">B<\/jats:styled-content>ering <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>ea, pollock likely serve as a key <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>chthyophonus<\/jats:italic> reservoir for other susceptible hosts in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">N<\/jats:styled-content>orth <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>acific.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jfd.12161","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,14]],"date-time":"2013-08-14T06:06:58Z","timestamp":1376460418000},"page":"641-655","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["<i>Ichthyophonus<\/i>\u2010infected walleye pollock <i><scp>T<\/scp>heragra chalcogramma<\/i> (<scp>P<\/scp>allas) in the eastern <scp>B<\/scp>ering <scp>S<\/scp>ea: a potential reservoir of infections in the <scp>N<\/scp>orth <scp>P<\/scp>acific"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"V C","family":"White","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Marine Fisheries Service Alaska Fisheries Science Center Resource Assessment and Conservation Engineering Division Seattle WA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J F","family":"Morado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Marine Fisheries Service Alaska Fisheries Science Center Resource Assessment and Conservation Engineering Division Seattle WA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C S","family":"Friedman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences College of the Environment University of Washington Seattle WA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"AydinK. GaichasS. OrtizI. KinzeyD.&FridayN.(2007)A Comparison of the Bering Sea Gulf of Alaska and Aleutian Islands Large Marine Ecosystems Through Food Web Modeling. US Department of Commerce. NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS\u2010AFSC\u2010178.298pp."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"304","article-title":"Spring and summer foods of walleye pollock, Theragra chalcogramma, in the eastern Bering Sea","volume":"77","author":"Bailey K.","year":"1979","journal-title":"Fishery Bulletin"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"121","volume-title":"Advances in Seafood Byproducts 2002, Conference Proceedings","author":"Bluhm B.A.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","unstructured":"BrodeurR.D.&LivingstonP.A.(1988)Food habits and diet overlap of various eastern Bering Sea fishes. US Department of Commerce. NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS F\/NWC\u2010127.76pp."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2419.1996.tb00089.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jmsc.1999.0525"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0967-0645(02)00333-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","first-page":"225","article-title":"Genetic techniques provide evidence of Chinook salmon feeding on walleye pollock offal","volume":"5","author":"Buser T.","year":"2009","journal-title":"North Pacific Anadromous Fish Commission"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2419.2011.00574.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","first-page":"105","volume-title":"Advances in Seafood Byproducts 2002, Conference Proceedings","author":"Crapo C.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2761.2002.00404.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","first-page":"243","article-title":"Winter food habits of Chinook salmon in the eastern Bering Sea","volume":"5","author":"Davis N.D.","year":"2009","journal-title":"North Pacific Anadromous Fish Commission"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","first-page":"197","article-title":"Review of BASIS salmon food habits studies","volume":"5","author":"Davis N.D.","year":"2009","journal-title":"North Pacific Anadromous Fish Commission"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","volume-title":"Geneious v5.1","author":"Drummond A.","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","first-page":"381","volume-title":"The Big Fish Bang","author":"Duffy\u2010Anderson J.T.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/f87-242"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","first-page":"437","volume-title":"Ichthyophonus Prevalence in Pacific Halibut","author":"Dykstra C.L.","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-27.1.140"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/563412"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/dao02458"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1577\/1548-8667(2002)014<0050:IOIHIP>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-1553.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/icesjms\/fsr036"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","first-page":"53","volume-title":"Stock Assessment and Fishery Evaluation Report of the Groundfish Resources of the Bering Sea\/Aleutian Islands Regions","author":"Ianelli J.N.","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/icesjms\/fsr010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2761.2002.00390.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","first-page":"8","article-title":"Survey assessment of semi\u2010pelagic Gadoids: the example of walleye pollock, Theragra chalcogramma, in the eastern Bering Sea","volume":"56","author":"Karp W.A.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Marine Fisheries Review"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/dao035023"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1577\/H03-068.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-2292.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-2589.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","unstructured":"LangG.M. LivingstonP.A.&DoddK.A.(2005)Groundfish Food Habits and Predation on Commercially Important Prey Species in the Eastern Bering Sea from 1997 Through 2001. US Department of Commerce. NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS\u2010AFSC\u2010158.230pp."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btm404"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00011814"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/meps102205"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","volume-title":"Manual of Histologic Staining Methods of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology","author":"Luna L.","year":"1968"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Conference Held May 19\u201324, 1996, Arlington, Virginia, USA. CRC Press, Arlington, Virginia, USA","author":"Martin R.E.","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/dao032015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/f03-109"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/9781845935542.0721"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-550755-4.50025-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1577\/T08-126.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","first-page":"28","volume-title":"Disease Severity and Ties to Chinook salmon Condition in the Marine Migration Phase","author":"Nichols K.M.","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","article-title":"Bering climate and ecosystem \u2013 data access","author":"NOAA","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bering Climate"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","volume-title":"Pollock Conservation Cooperative and High Seas Catchers' Cooperative Final Joint Annual Report 2011","author":"NPFMC","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","first-page":"63","article-title":"Der erreger der taumelkrankheit der salmoniden","volume":"59","author":"Plehn M.","year":"1911","journal-title":"Centralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde und Infektionskrankheiten. 1. Abt Originale."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","first-page":"93","article-title":"Life cycle (reproductive stages) of Ichthyophonus hoferi Plehn & Mulsow, a parasitic fungus causing deep mycoses in fish","volume":"1","author":"Prabhuji S.K.","year":"2009","journal-title":"The International Journal of Plant Reproductive Biology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/dao034109"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/dao027187"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/dao02184"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1439-0485.2003.03819.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","volume-title":"Seafood Safety, Processing, and Biotechnology","author":"Shahidi F.","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","volume-title":"Theory and Practice of Histotechnology","author":"Sheehan D.C.","year":"1980"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4027\/rgsfcc.2008.07"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_1","volume-title":"Principal Diseases of Marine Fish and Shellfish","author":"Sindermann C.J.","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00571382"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2761.2004.00590.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/926812"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jmsc.2000.0640"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/dao068141"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/dao02579"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_63_1","first-page":"361\u2013368","volume-title":"Case Studies in Fisheries Self\u2010Governance","author":"Wilen J.E.","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jmsc.2000.0719"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/meps064013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00028487.2012.683476"}],"container-title":["Journal of Fish Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjfd.12161","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjfd.12161","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jfd.12161","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]],"date-time":"2023-10-02T10:31:26Z","timestamp":1696242686000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jfd.12161"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,14]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jfd.12161"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jfd.12161","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0140-7775","1365-2761"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0140-7775","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2761","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,14]]}}}