{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T05:42:25Z","timestamp":1790401345991,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,15]],"date-time":"2020-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592179200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005416","name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["250048"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["250048"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005416","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Fish Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Laboratory zebrafish are commonly infected with the intracellular, brain\u2010infecting microsporidian parasite <jats:italic>Pseudoloma neurophilia<\/jats:italic>. Chronic <jats:italic>P. neurophilia<\/jats:italic> infections induce inflammation in meninges, brain and spinal cord, and have been suggested to affect neural functions since parasite clusters reside inside neurons. However, underlying neural and immunological mechanisms associated with infection have not been explored. Utilizing RNA\u2010sequencing analysis, we found that <jats:italic>P. neurophilia<\/jats:italic> infection upregulated 175 and downregulated 45 genes in the zebrafish brain, compared to uninfected controls. Four biological pathways were enriched by the parasite, all of which were associated with immune function. In addition, 14 gene ontology (GO) terms were enriched, eight of which were associated with immune responses and five with circadian rhythm. Surprisingly, no differentially expressed genes or enriched pathways were specific for nervous system function. Upregulated immune\u2010related genes indicate that the host generally show a pro\u2010inflammatory immune response to infection. On the other hand, we found a general downregulation of immune response genes associated with anti\u2010pathogen functions, suggesting an immune evasion strategy by the parasite. The results reported here provide important information on host\u2013parasite interaction and highlight possible pathways for complex effects of parasite infections on zebrafish phenotypes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jfd.13198","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,16]],"date-time":"2020-06-16T06:26:45Z","timestamp":1592288805000},"page":"863-875","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Effects of <i>Pseudoloma neurophilia<\/i> infection on the brain transcriptome in zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio<\/i>)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Helene L.E.","family":"Midttun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Department of Paraclinical Sciences Norwegian University of Life Sciences Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco A.","family":"Vindas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty 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