{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T05:23:54Z","timestamp":1783574634631,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,21]],"date-time":"2020-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600646400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Fish Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fish nocardiosis is a chronic systemic granulomatous disease, and <jats:italic>Nocardia seriolae<\/jats:italic> is the main pathogen. The pathogenesis and virulence factors of <jats:italic>N. seriolae<\/jats:italic> are not fully understood. Secreted superoxide dismutase (SOD) may be a virulence factor found by a comparative bioinformatics analysis of the whole genome sequence of <jats:italic>N. seriolae<\/jats:italic> and the\u00a0virulence factor database (VFDB). In order to determine the subcellular localization and study the preliminary function of SOD from <jats:italic>N. seriolae<\/jats:italic> (NsSOD), gene cloning, secreted protein identification, subcellular localization in fish cells, and apoptosis detection of NsSOD were carried out in this study. Subcellular localization research revealed that NsSOD\u2010GFP fusion proteins were evenly distributed in the cytoplasm. Furthermore, apoptotic bodies were observed in the transfected FHM cells by the overexpression of protein NsSOD. Then, assays of mitochondrial membrane potential (\u0394\u03a8m) value, caspase\u20103 activity and apoptosis\u2010related genes (Bax, Bid, Bad and Bcl\u20102) mRNA expression were conducted. The results showed that \u0394\u03a8m was decreased, and caspase\u20103 was significantly activated. The mRNA expression of the <jats:italic>Bad<\/jats:italic> gene showed significant up\u2010regulated expression at 24 h.p.t., while <jats:italic>Bid<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Bax<\/jats:italic> genes showed significant up\u2010regulated expression at 72 and 96 h.p.t. and anti\u2010apoptotic gene (Bcl\u20102) was down\u2010regulated in NsSOD overexpressed cells. Taken together, the results indicated that the protein NsSOD might be involved in apoptosis regulation. This study may lay the foundations for further studies on the function of NsSOD and promote the understanding of the virulence factors and the pathogenic mechanisms of <jats:italic>N. seriolae<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jfd.13268","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,22]],"date-time":"2020-09-22T03:15:29Z","timestamp":1600744529000},"page":"63-72","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Identification of a secreted superoxide dismutase (SOD) from <i>Nocardia seriolae<\/i> which induces apoptosis in fathead minnow (FHM) cells"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5443-980X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suying","family":"Hou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University Shenzhen China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, College of Fisheries Guangdong Ocean University Zhanjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1662-2130","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenji","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University Shenzhen China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, College of Fisheries Guangdong Ocean University Zhanjiang 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