{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]],"date-time":"2026-03-07T16:27:10Z","timestamp":1772900830225,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]],"date-time":"2022-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659312000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Fish Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The impact that escaped farmed fish may have on wild populations is of major concern for Atlantic salmon (<jats:italic>Salmo salar<\/jats:italic>) farming. Triploid fish, being infertile, were originally introduced to mitigate the genetic impact of escaped fish. In the recent years, an increase in the number of infectious salmon anaemia (ISA) outbreaks in Norway has been observed, mainly in the northern parts, which is also where farming of triploid fish has been licensed. The present study investigated the susceptibility of triploid Atlantic salmon to ISA both by field observations and experimental infections. Based on field observations, we found an increased susceptibility, with 9.4 increased odds to primary ISA outbreaks in triploid fish versus diploid fish at production\u2010site level, and a tendency of increased odds (3.4) of ISA in triploid fish at individual cage level at sited with primary outbreaks. At some sites, ISA outbreaks were only diagnosed in cages with triploid fish and not in cages with diploid fish. Primary ISA outbreaks are the source for further spread of the disease, and it is noteworthy that in an experimental trial we found significantly more viral RNA in non\u2010ISA\u2010vaccinated triploid than in non\u2010ISA\u2010vaccinated diploid fish at the peak of the infection. Interestingly, the notable differences of susceptibility to ISA for non\u2010ISA vaccinated diploid and triploid fish observed in field were not repeated experimentally. The possible increased risk of ISA should be considered when evaluating the costs and benefits of triploid salmon in farming. It is recommended to keep triploid and diploid fish in biosecure separated sites, or that triploid fish are not farmed at all.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jfd.13695","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]],"date-time":"2022-08-01T18:43:07Z","timestamp":1659379387000},"page":"1733-1743","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Triploid Atlantic salmon (<i>Salmo salar<\/i>) may have increased risk of primary field outbreaks of infectious salmon anaemia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Arnfinn","family":"Aunsmo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Norwegian University of Life Sciences  \u00c5s Norway"},{"name":"Laxar Fiskeldi  Reykjavik Iceland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lisbeth","family":"Martinsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norway Royal Salmon  Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Torkjel","family":"Bruheim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AquaGen AS  Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mats Martin","family":"Sekkelsten\u2010Kindt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PHARMAQ, Skogmo Industriomr\u00e5de  Overhalla Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ane","family":"Sandtr\u00f8","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PHARMAQ, Skogmo Industriomr\u00e5de  Overhalla Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Solveig","family":"Gaas\u00f8","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fr\u00f8ygruppen  Sistranda Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stine","family":"Braaen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paraclinical Sciences Norwegian University of Life Sciences  \u00c5s Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9911-5948","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Espen","family":"Rimstad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paraclinical Sciences Norwegian University of Life Sciences  \u00c5s Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jfd.12225"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jfd.13352"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2021.105360"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/f04-110"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0243684"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182017000622"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2016.08.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/hdy.2009.108"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jgv.0.000741"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jfd.13538"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2014.10.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422X-6-88"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jfd.12106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1297-9716-42-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/dao02520"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2018.00308"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0175468"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0215478"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2761.2012.01403.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2020.108150"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2020.1671"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtherbio.2020.102548"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0044-8486(01)00508-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jfb.14338"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","volume-title":"F\u00f8rste samlerapport: Velferd for triploid laks i nord\u2010norge\u2014fra utsett til slakt, utsett 2014\u20132017","author":"Stien L. 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