{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T17:20:19Z","timestamp":1787851219841,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,14]],"date-time":"2024-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718323200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Fish Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The introduced salmonid ectoparasite\n                    <jats:italic>Gyrodactylus salaris<\/jats:italic>\n                    has been detected on Atlantic salmon in 53 Norwegian rivers and in 39 Norwegian fish farms. In affected rivers, the mortality of Atlantic salmon juveniles is very high, estimated to a mean of 86%.\n                    <jats:italic>G. salaris<\/jats:italic>\n                    has been considered one of the biggest threats to wild Norwegian Atlantic salmon stocks. With various measures, the authorities have reduced the potential for further spread of the parasite to new rivers and fish farms, and\n                    <jats:italic>G. salaris<\/jats:italic>\n                    has been eradicated from 43 rivers and all fish farms. Furthermore, the eradication process is almost completed in five affected rivers located at the Norwegian west coast, while preparations for the eradication in the remaining five rivers in the southeastern part of Norway have begun. The goal of Norwegian management is to eradicate the introduced pathogenic\n                    <jats:italic>G. salaris<\/jats:italic>\n                    strains from all occurrences in Norway. In fish farms, the parasite has been removed by mandatory slaughter of infected fish. In rivers,\n                    <jats:italic>G. salaris<\/jats:italic>\n                    has mostly been removed by killing all the fish hosts with rotenone. The indigenous genetic Atlantic salmon stocks are re\u2010established after eradication of the parasite. New methods are developed using chemicals that kill the parasite without killing fish in the rivers. Norwegian authorities have so far used more than NOK 1.5 billion on research, monitoring and combating\n                    <jats:italic>G. salaris<\/jats:italic>\n                    . However, the benefits are considered many times greater than the spending. Without control measures,\n                    <jats:italic>G. salaris<\/jats:italic>\n                    would likely have spread to new Atlantic salmon rivers where the same catastrophic outcome had to be expected. The Norwegian authorities seem to meet the goal in their long\u2010term work to halt the spread of\n                    <jats:italic>G. salaris<\/jats:italic>\n                    and to eradicate the parasite in affected rivers.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jfd.13981","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,14]],"date-time":"2024-06-14T12:29:48Z","timestamp":1718368188000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The battle against the introduced pathogenic monogenean\n                    <i>Gyrodactylus salaris<\/i>\n                    in Norwegian Atlantic salmon rivers and fish farms"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2580-5679","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tor Atle","family":"Mo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian Institute for Nature Research Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_16_2_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Action plan against the Atlantic salmon parasite Gyrodactylus salaris for the period 2014\u20102016","author":"Anonymous","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065\u2010308X(06)64003\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095\u20108649.1992.tb02677.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5324\/fn.v13i0.6043","article-title":"The susceptibility of Salvelinus namaycush (Walbaum) to Gyrodactylus salaris Malmberg (Platyhelminthes; Monogenea) under experimental conditions","volume":"13","author":"Bakke T. A.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Fauna Norwegica, Serie A"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095\u20108649.1991.tb04340.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.12003"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182000064635"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102761.1995.tb00358.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gecco.2021.e01476"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms12485"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_12_1","first-page":"200","volume-title":"Rotenone use in fisheries management: Administrative and technical guidelines manual Report","author":"Finlayson B. J.","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/icesjms\/fsx020"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/edn3.45"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2014.05.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18261\/naturen.146.5.2"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/fee.2277"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jfd.12218"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020\u20107519(03)00200\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_20_1","volume-title":"The surveillance programme for Gyrodactylus salaris in Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout in Norway 2022","author":"Hansen H.","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_21_1","unstructured":"Hindar A. Garmo \u00d8. Hagen A. G. Hytter\u00f8d S. H\u00f8gberget R. &Olstad K.(2014).Operational procedures for treatment of the salmon parasiteGyrodactylus salarisby use of the AlS method. Report L.NR.6699\u20102014.Norwegian Institute for Water Research."},{"key":"e_1_2_16_22_1","first-page":"299","volume-title":"Atlantic Salmon ecology","author":"Hindar K.","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_23_1","volume-title":"Can Gyrodactylus salaris be eradicated from the Drammen region?\u2014Final report from the working group for the Drammen region.","author":"Hindar K.","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_24_1","first-page":"9","volume-title":"Surveillance programmes for terrestrial and aquatic animals in Norway","author":"Hytter\u00f8d S.","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_25_1","first-page":"5","volume-title":"The post\u2010treatment surveillance programme to ascertain freedom from infection with Gyrodactylus salaris in Atlantic salmon. In Surveillance programmes for terrestrial and aquatic animals in Norway","author":"Hytter\u00f8d S.","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_26_1","first-page":"7","article-title":"The effect of an attack by the parasite Gyrodactylus salaris on the population of salmon parr in the river Lakselva, Misv\u00e6r in northern Norway","volume":"11","author":"Johnsen B. O.","year":"1978","journal-title":"Astarte"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095\u20108649.1986.tb04941.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0044\u20108486(91)90393\u2010L"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_29_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"The parasitte Gyrodactylus salaris on Atlantic salmon in Norwegian water courses, status report at the beginning of the year 2000). NINA Oppdragsmelding 617","author":"Johnsen B. O.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Norwegian Institute for Nature Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_30_1","first-page":"64","volume-title":"The potential for evolution of resistance to Gyrodactylus salaris in Norwegian Atlantic salmon","author":"Karlsson S.","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpc.2008.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/iroh.201111261"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rra.2873"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rra.3919"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13028\u2010016\u20100202\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_36_1","volume-title":"Benefit\u2010cost analysis of efforts to combat the salmon parasite Gyrodactylus salaris in the period 1981\u20131998. Investigation for DN 1994\u20134","author":"Krokan P. S.","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749\u20104877.2010.00193.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_38_1","first-page":"19","article-title":"About the occurrence of Gyrodactylus on Swedish fishes","author":"Malmberg G.","year":"1957","journal-title":"Skrifter Utgivna Av S\u00f6dra Sveriges Fiskerif\u00f6rening"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_39_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"The excretory systems and the marginal hooks as a basis for the systematics of Gyrodactylus (Trematoda, Monogenea)","volume":"23","author":"Malmberg G.","year":"1970","journal-title":"Arkiv f\u00f6r Zoologi"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095\u20108649.1992.tb02699.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00009707"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00009706"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_43_1","first-page":"43","volume-title":"Parasitic diseases of fish","author":"Mo T. A.","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/9781789243277.0404"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_45_1","first-page":"5","volume-title":"Surveillance and control programmes for terrestrial and aquatic animals in Norway","author":"Mo T. A.","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_46_1","first-page":"26","volume-title":"Do juvenile Atlantic salmon stay in the Drammen Fjord and in areas outside the estuaries? NINA report 1450","author":"Mo T. A.","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_47_1","first-page":"5","volume-title":"Surveillance and control programmes for terrestrial and aquatic animals in Norway","author":"Mo T. A.","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_48_1","first-page":"4","volume-title":"Surveillance and control programmes for terrestrial and aquatic animals in Norway","author":"Mo T. A.","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_49_1","volume-title":"Reetablerings prosjektet i Ranelva og R\u00f8ss\u00e5ga 2005\u20132010","author":"Moen V.","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182006009966"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182006001715"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071\u2010014\u20100576\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_53_1","unstructured":"Parliament Proposal. (2006\u20132007)St.prp. nr. 32. On the protection of wild salmon and the completion of national salmon waterways and salmon fjords.101."},{"key":"e_1_2_16_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10530\u2010017\u20101542\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00288330.2006.9517437"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10641\u2010007\u20109228\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071\u2010018\u20102916\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/F09\u2010168"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3391\/mbi.2018.9.1.07"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/dao02087"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/f97\u2010089"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020\u20107519(01)00188\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/f97-251"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182099004436"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2005.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_66_1","first-page":"54","volume-title":"Salmon fishing in change. A survey among anglers who fished rivers for salmon, sea trout and sea trout in Norway 2012\u20132014","author":"Stensland S.","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182001001044"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002679910033"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.5258"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095\u20108649.2009.02215.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095\u20108649.2008.02056.x"}],"container-title":["Journal of Fish Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jfd.13981","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]],"date-time":"2024-11-21T17:01:12Z","timestamp":1732208472000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jfd.13981"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,14]]},"references-count":70,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jfd.13981"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jfd.13981","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0140-7775","1365-2761"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0140-7775","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2761","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-02-05","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-05-29","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-06-14","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e13981"}}