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Pathogens often target different host tissues, and monitoring alternative target organs can provide important insights into disease progression. We evaluated the spleen as an alternative to the kidney for estimating the load and prevalence of the myxozoan parasite\n                    <jats:italic>Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>Tb<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) and its relationships with proliferative kidney disease (PKD) in juvenile brown trout. We sampled 238 brown trout across nine rivers and quantified parasite load in both tissues using qPCR. Parasite load showed a strong positive correlation between the two tissues for both raw and log10\u2010transformed data (Pearson's\n                    <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.60\u20130.71, Spearman's\n                    <jats:italic>\u03c1<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.78), with the spleen exhibiting, on average, 4.1\u2010fold lower parasite load compared to the kidney.\n                    <jats:italic>Tb<\/jats:italic>\n                    was found in 191 specimens, consisting of 167 spleen and 190 kidney detections. The relationships between parasite load and PKD symptoms (renal hyperplasia and anaemia) were comparable for both tissues, and segmented regression line analysis indicated that health parameters deteriorate faster after exceeding a certain parasite load threshold. In conclusion, these results suggest that the spleen may serve as a viable alternative to the kidney for\n                    <jats:italic>Tb<\/jats:italic>\n                    monitoring, providing useful insights into\n                    <jats:italic>Tb<\/jats:italic>\n                    presence, load, and PKD progression in salmonids.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jfd.14148","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,5]],"date-time":"2025-06-05T04:29:58Z","timestamp":1749097798000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Spleen as an Alternative Tissue for Estimating\n                    <i>Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae<\/i>\n                    Load, Prevalence and Its Relationship With Proliferative Kidney Disease in Brown Trout"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4480-1825","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magnus","family":"Lauringson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair of Aquaculture, Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences Estonian University of Life Sciences  Tartu Estonia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lilian","family":"Pukk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair of Aquaculture, Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences Estonian University of Life Sciences  Tartu Estonia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siim","family":"Kahar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair of Aquaculture, Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences Estonian University of Life Sciences  Tartu Estonia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oksana","family":"Burimski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair of Aquaculture, Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences Estonian University of Life Sciences  Tartu Estonia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Riho","family":"Gross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair of Aquaculture, Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences Estonian University of Life Sciences  Tartu Estonia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veljo","family":"Kisand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Technology University of Tartu  Tartu Estonia"},{"name":"Chair of Hydrobiology and Fisheries, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Estonian University of Life Sciences  Tartu Estonia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2184-5534","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anti","family":"Vasem\u00e4gi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair of Aquaculture, Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences Estonian University of Life Sciences  Tartu Estonia"},{"name":"Department of Aquatic Resources, Institute of Freshwater Research Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences  Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2021.01.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","first-page":"217","volume-title":"Springer eBooks","author":"Alexander J. 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