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Between 2015 and 2016, 26 sampling events were conducted in freshwater and seawater farms spanning a broad latitudinal gradient (30.3\u00b0\u2009S to 52.6\u00b0\u2009S). Three diagnostic methods were used: Quantitative real\u2010time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) (qRT\u2010PCR) (targeting VP1 and VP2 protein coding genes), nested PCR and virus isolation in CHSE\u2010214 cells. In addition, a 523\u2010bp VP2 gene fragment was sequenced directly from samples. These approaches were employed to assess detection sensitivity and to explore IPNV genogroup distribution and persistence. Nested PCR and viral isolation detected IPNV in 50 of 53 samples, outperforming qRT\u2010PCR, which detected only 39. Phylogenetic analysis of the 523\u2010bp VP2 gene fragment classified the isolates into two genogroups\u20145 (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Salmo salar<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ) and 1 (\n                    <jats:italic>Oncorhynchus<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp.), confirming host\u2010specific associations. Identical or near\u2010identical sequences were identified in geographically distant farms and temporally spaced samples, suggesting persistent isolates and potential long\u2010distance spread, likely via egg transfers or fish movement. The most severe mortality event (&gt;\u2009125,000 fish) occurred during a genogroup 1 outbreak (Isla del Rey, GMTS,\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>O. kisutch<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ), followed by genogroup 5 outbreaks documented in Molco Alto (PMLC,\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>S. salar<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ) and Chayahue (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>S. salar<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ). Although less frequently detected, genogroup 1 was associated with higher virulence, particularly in coho salmon. These findings highlight the need of integrated diagnostic strategies, genogroup\u2010specific monitoring and strengthened biosecurity to mitigate the impact of IPNV in Chilean salmon farming.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jfd.70047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]],"date-time":"2025-08-18T10:21:02Z","timestamp":1755512462000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Epidemiological Insights Into Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis Virus: Detection, Distribution and Persistence in Chilean Salmon Farms"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5028-2542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoanna","family":"Eissler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Virolog\u00eda, Centro de Neurobiolog\u00eda y Fisiopatolog\u00eda Integrativa, Instituto de Qu\u00edmica, Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Valpara\u00edso  Valpara\u00edso Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9601-5471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Tapia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias Universidad de Chile  Santiago Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8468-6139","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristian B.","family":"Canales\u2010Aguirre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro i~mar Universidad de Los Lagos  Puerto Montt Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6612-4087","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Manuel","family":"Y\u00e1\u00f1ez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias Universidad de Chile  Santiago Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.molbev.a026036"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/dao045089"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.33.4.835-839.1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/0022\u20101317\u201021\u20103\u2010485"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1995.1125"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0959-8030(95)00003-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.32.2.593-605.1979"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v13030488"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0042\u20106822(91)90887\u2010H"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.61.12.3655-3664.1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.33988\/auvfd.537413"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3856\/vol39\u2010issue3\u2010fulltext\u201014"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000149619"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166\u20100934(02)00083\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","unstructured":"FAO.2025.\u201cQuarterly Species Analysis. 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