{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T10:20:36Z","timestamp":1785320436042,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]],"date-time":"2025-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764201600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]],"date-time":"2025-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764201600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Fish Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n This study presents the first description and characterisation of\n \n Lactococcus garvieae<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n isolated from diseased European sea bass (\n \n Dicentrarchus labrax<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n ) farmed in Spain. During autumn 2023, two fish farms were affected by infectious outbreaks causing moderate cumulative fish mortality (5%\u201310%). Diseased fish showed clinical signs of haemorrhagic septicaemia, compatible with lactococcosis. Standardised screening tests revealed the presence of Gram\u2010positive cocci in the kidney, spleen and brain of the diseased fish, and negative results for parasites and viruses. Bacterial cultures recovered from the internal organs of all diseased fish were identified as\n \n Lactococcus garvieae<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n by phenotypic, genetic, immunological and proteomic analyses. Strains were sensitive to oxytetracycline, florfenicol and erythromycin and resistant to trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole. In addition, representative isolates were virulent to juvenile sea bass and Senegalese sole (\n \n Solea senegalensis<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n ) after intracoelomic challenge with doses ranging from 10\n 6<\/jats:sup>\n to 10\n 7<\/jats:sup>\n \u2009CFU\/fish. SDS\u2010PAGE and immunoblotting analyses, using rabbit serum anti\n \n L. garvieae<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n CECT 5274 and serum from trout immunised with a bivalent oil\u2010based vaccine against\n \n L. garvieae<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2013\n \n Yersinia ruckeri<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n , showed that the current strains of sea bass shared some antigenic proteins with strains of\n \n L. garvieae<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n from other hosts and with the reference strain of\n L. petauri<\/jats:italic>\n DSM104842. Our overall results confirm the presence of this emerging pathogen in Spanish marine aquaculture and suggest that commercially available lactococcosis vaccines could confer some protection to sea bass, helping to prevent this new threat.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jfd.70089","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]],"date-time":"2025-11-27T11:01:23Z","timestamp":1764241283000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["First Description and Characterisation of\n \n Lactococcus garvieae<\/i>\n <\/scp>\n Strains Causing Septicaemic Disease in Farmed Sea Bass (\n \n Dicentrarchus labrax<\/i>\n <\/scp>\n ; Linnaeus) in Spain"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Bel\u00e9n","family":"Fouz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute BIOTECMED Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia Burjassot Valencia Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evelyn","family":"Carballeda\u2010Carrasco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n del Medio Acu\u00e1tico Para Una Salud Global (IARCUS), Edificio de Investigaci\u00f3n y An\u00e1lisis Alimentario (IIAA), Departamento de Microbiolog\u00eda y Parasitolog\u00eda Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC) A Coru\u00f1a Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javier","family":"Barriga\u2010Cuartero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute BIOTECMED Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia Burjassot Valencia Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7959-1645","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yolanda","family":"Torres\u2010Corral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n del Medio Acu\u00e1tico Para Una Salud Global (IARCUS), Edificio de Investigaci\u00f3n y An\u00e1lisis Alimentario (IIAA), Departamento de Microbiolog\u00eda y Parasitolog\u00eda Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC) A Coru\u00f1a Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c1lvaro","family":"Robles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Profand Piscifactor\u00edas de Galicia S.L.U. Avda Garc\u00eda Barb\u00f3n 62\u2010Bloque 1\u2010Entreplanta Vigo Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Zarza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Skretting Espa\u00f1a.Carretera de la estaci\u00f3n s\/n, Coj\u00f3bar (Burgos) Burgos Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4398-4102","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ysabel","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n del Medio Acu\u00e1tico Para Una Salud Global (IARCUS), Edificio de Investigaci\u00f3n y An\u00e1lisis Alimentario (IIAA), Departamento de Microbiolog\u00eda y Parasitolog\u00eda Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC) A Coru\u00f1a Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2436\/20.1501.01.125"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","first-page":"7619","article-title":"A Serological Study of \n Lactococcus garvieae\n in Experimentally Infected Cultured European Sea Bass (\n Dicentrarchus labrax\n , L.)","volume":"30","author":"Akayli T.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Fresenius Environmental Bulletin"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3153\/AR22021"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/9781789243277.0182"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","first-page":"33","article-title":"Value of recN Sequences for Species Identification and as a Phylogenetic Marker Within the Family \u2018Leuconostocaceae\u2019","volume":"11","author":"Arahal D. 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