{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T09:12:40Z","timestamp":1775466760364,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,6]],"date-time":"2025-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764979200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,6]],"date-time":"2025-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764979200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100022960","name":"Guangdong Provincial Special Fund for Modern Agriculture Industry Technology Innovation Teams","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024CXTD26"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024CXTD26"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100022960","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012428","name":"Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023TD49"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023TD49"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012428","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012428","name":"Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024CG02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024CG02"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012428","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Fish Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n A spleen\u2010derived cell line was established from the spleen of hybrid snakehead (\u2640\n \n Channa argus<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2009\u00d7\u2009\u2642\n \n Channa maculata<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n ) (abbreviated as\n CAMsp<\/jats:styled-content>\n ), a species of considerable economic importance in China's freshwater aquaculture, which is severely impacted by the hybrid snakehead rhabdovirus (\n HSHRV<\/jats:styled-content>\n ), largemouth bass ranavirus (\n LMBV<\/jats:styled-content>\n ), and infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (\n ISKNV<\/jats:styled-content>\n ). The establishment of a stable in\u00a0vitro culture system is imperative for the effective isolation, identification, and study of fish viruses.\n CAMsp<\/jats:styled-content>\n , generated through trypsin digestion, had successfully undergone over 80 passages since its initial culture. This cell line exhibited rapid proliferation in Leibovitz's\u201015 medium (L\u201015) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum at 28\u00b0C, achieving monolayer formation within 24\u2009h at a passage ratio of 1:3. Chromosomal analysis of\n CAMsp<\/jats:styled-content>\n at the 60th passage identified a chromosome count of 42; the chromosome number in hybrid snakehead somatic cells is 44, 45, or 46, suggesting chromosomal alterations. Inoculation of\n CAMsp<\/jats:styled-content>\n monolayers with\n HSHRV<\/jats:styled-content>\n ,\n LMBV<\/jats:styled-content>\n , and\n ISKNV<\/jats:styled-content>\n resulted in characteristic cytopathic effects (\n CPE<\/jats:styled-content>\n ), including cell rounding, aggregation, and eventual detachment. Transmission electron microscopy (\n TEM<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) confirmed viral replication and revealed extensive cytopathological changes within the infected cells, demonstrating the susceptibility of the\n CAMsp<\/jats:styled-content>\n cell line to all three viruses. Viral titers, determined by\n TCID<\/jats:styled-content>\n 50<\/jats:sub>\n assay at 7\u2009days post\u2010infection (dpi), reached 10\n 9.25<\/jats:sup>\n \u2009\u00b1\u200910\n 0.36<\/jats:sup>\n TCID<\/jats:styled-content>\n 50<\/jats:sub>\n \/\n mL<\/jats:styled-content>\n for\n LMBV<\/jats:styled-content>\n , 10\n 6<\/jats:sup>\n \u00b7\n 15<\/jats:sup>\n \u2009\u00b1\u200910\n 0.25<\/jats:sup>\n TCID<\/jats:styled-content>\n 50<\/jats:sub>\n \/\n mL<\/jats:styled-content>\n for\n ISKNV<\/jats:styled-content>\n , and 10\n 8<\/jats:sup>\n \u00b7\n 33<\/jats:sup>\n \u2009\u00b1\u200910\n 0.12<\/jats:sup>\n TCID<\/jats:styled-content>\n 50<\/jats:sub>\n \/\n mL<\/jats:styled-content>\n for\n HSHRV<\/jats:styled-content>\n , indicating efficient viral propagation in this cell line. The\n CAMsp<\/jats:styled-content>\n cell line serves as a valuable model for studying certain fish viruses, virus\u2010host interactions, and disease prevention strategies.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jfd.70096","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,6]],"date-time":"2025-12-06T12:50:30Z","timestamp":1765025430000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Establishment of a Hybrid Snakehead Spleen Cell Line for Viral Studies"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Xuanming","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Guangzhou 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