{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T09:13:04Z","timestamp":1775466784007,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]],"date-time":"2025-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765238400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]],"date-time":"2025-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765238400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Fish Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Red\u2010spotted masu trout (\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">Oncorhynchus masou<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ishikawae\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    ; hereinafter, referred as amago trout), is a freshwater salmonid fish species endemic to Japan. From September to October 2023, chronic mortality was observed on an amago trout farm in eastern Japan. To identify the cause of death, bacterial isolation, predominant bacterial species identification, histopathology and experimental challenge test were performed. As a result, bacterial colonies with characteristic features were isolated from all moribund fish. The 16S rRNA and\n                    <jats:italic>rpoB<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene sequences of the isolates showed high similarity with those of\n                    <jats:italic>Bacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp. Identical 16S rRNA and\n                    <jats:italic>rpoB<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene sequences were also detected in moribund fish tissues. The histopathology revealed bacteria in multiple organs, including the spleen, in five of six fish examined. In the experimental challenge test, the fish that were infected with a high dose of bacteria (1.26E+07\u2009cfu per fish) started to die at 3\u2009days post\u2010infection (dpi) and all fish died by 7 dpi. The cumulative mortality rate was lower in the group infected with a lower number of bacteria (1.26E+06\u2009cfu per fish). Our findings identify\n                    <jats:italic>Bacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp. as the disease agent. This is the first report of\n                    <jats:italic>Bacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection in salmonids.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jfd.70098","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]],"date-time":"2025-12-10T06:44:13Z","timestamp":1765349053000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Case of Mortality Caused by\n                    <i>Bacillus<\/i>\n                    sp. Infection in Farmed, Red\u2010Spotted Masu Trout (\n                    <i>Oncorhynchus masou ishikawae<\/i>\n                    ) in Japan"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-9763-2870","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuzo","family":"Takada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Division, Nansei Field Station, Fisheries Technology Institute Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency  Watarai Mie Japan"},{"name":"Laboratory of Aquatic Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University  Musashino Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomofumi","family":"Kurobe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Division, Nansei Field Station, Fisheries Technology Institute Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency  Watarai Mie Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ikunari","family":"Kiryu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Division, Nansei Field Station, Fisheries Technology Institute Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency  Watarai Mie Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mari","family":"Inada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Division, Nansei Field Station, Fisheries Technology Institute Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency  Watarai Mie Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kosuke","family":"Tomiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fuji Trout Hatchery Prefectural Research Institute of Fishery and Ocean  Fujinomiya Shizuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eisuke","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fuji Trout Hatchery Prefectural Research Institute of Fishery 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