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Diseased\n                    <jats:italic>Neocaridina<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. displaying abnormal swimming, lethargy, hypoxia, cutaneous abrasions, dark\u2010brown lesions, and occasional moulting were investigated. Pure cultures from moribund shrimp yielded Gram\u2010negative, motile, catalase\u2010 and oxidase\u2010positive rods producing hemolysis and resistant to vibriostatic agent O\/129. Biochemical profiling (API 20E) identified all isolates (KRW1\u2013KRW5) as\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Aeromonas hydrophila<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    , clustering with\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>A.\u2009hydrophila<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    CECT 839 and\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>A.\u2009bestiarum<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    CECT 4227, while MALDI\u2010TOF MS confirmed their highest similarity to\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>A.\u2009hydrophila<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    CECT 839T DSM. Virulence gene screening revealed the universal presence of\n                    <jats:italic>aer<\/jats:italic>\n                    , alongside variable combinations of\n                    <jats:italic>ela<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>hlyA<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>act<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>alt<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>ast<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>lip<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Pathogenicity assays fulfilled Koch's postulates, linking isolates to \u2018black disease\u2019, with cumulative mortality reaching 100% by Day 4\u20135 postinfection for strains KRW1 and KRW2, whereas KRW4 was least virulent. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed multidrug resistance, with MAR indices ranging from 0.130 (KRW4) to 0.478 (KRW5). These findings identify\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>A.\u2009hydrophila<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    as the etiological agent of black disease in\n                    <jats:italic>Neocaridina<\/jats:italic>\n                    shrimp, underscore its virulence heterogeneity, and highlight the alarming prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in strains circulating in ornamental aquaculture.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jfd.70127","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T06:37:52Z","timestamp":1769236672000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pathogenic\n                    <i>Aeromonas hydrophila<\/i>\n                    in Ornamental\n                    <i>Neocaridina<\/i>\n                    Shrimps: Biochemical Traits and Antibiotic Resistance"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4978-5577","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leszek","family":"Guz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Life Sciences  Lublin Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5515-8329","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agnieszka","family":"P\u0119kala\u2010Safi\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preclinical Sciences and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science Pozna\u0144 University of Life Sciences  Pozna\u0144 Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1580-9254","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dorota","family":"Pietras\u2010O\u017cga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epizootiology and the Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Life Sciences  Lublin Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1822-5027","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gra\u017cyna","family":"W\u00f3jcicka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathophysiology Medical University  Lublin Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.6.2348\u20132357.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010023\u201034887\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","first-page":"232","article-title":"Pathogenicity of Aeromonas hydrophila in Giant Freshwater Prawn; Macrobrachium rosenbergii, Cultured in East Malaysia","volume":"14","author":"Abdolnabi S.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010025\u201089465\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.femsle.2004.11.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.26873\/SVR\u2010636\u20102018"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917\u2010024\u201003942\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/45.4_ts.493"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3329\/ajmbr.v2i2.29078"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1577\/1548-8667(1992)004<0067:CBITHO>2.3.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jir504"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","first-page":"1472","article-title":"Shewanella algae: An Emerging Pathogen of Black Spot Disease in Freshwater\u2010Cultured Whiteleg Shrimp (Penaeus vannamei)","volume":"70","author":"Cao H.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Israeli Journal of Aquaculture"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Aeromonas schubertii: A Potential Pathogen for Freshwater Cultured Whiteleg Shrimp, Penaeus vannamei","volume":"67","author":"Cao H.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Israeli Journal of Aquaculture"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jip.2021.107584"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","first-page":"273","article-title":"Isolation and Identification of Pathogenic Bacterium Aeromonas veronii From Ornamental Shrimp Caridina Cf. babaulti","volume":"43","author":"Cheng A. 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