{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T15:11:26Z","timestamp":1780585886082,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Fish Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n \n Streptococcus agalactiae<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n is a multi\u2010host pathogen and a major threat to aquaculture, particularly tilapia production. This study characterised the serotype distribution and virulence gene profiles of 97\n \n S. agalactiae<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n isolates obtained from non\u2010tilapia freshwater species in Vietnam, including carp species not previously recognised as hosts, namely black carp, grass carp and common carp. Three serotypes were identified among non\u2010tilapia isolates, Ia (44.3%), III (39.2%) and Ib (16.5%). Virulence gene distributions varied substantially within and between serotypes; however, all isolates consistently carried the\n fbsA<\/jats:italic>\n and\n cfb<\/jats:italic>\n genes. Distinct serotype\u2010associated gene patterns were observed. Serotype Ia isolates possessed\n fbsA<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n fbsB<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n bca<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n hylB<\/jats:italic>\n and\n cfb<\/jats:italic>\n but lacked\n lmb<\/jats:italic>\n and\n spb1\u2010F<\/jats:italic>\n , whereas serotype III isolates harboured\n pavA<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n cylE<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n fbsA<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n lmb<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n scpB<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n cfb<\/jats:italic>\n and\n cspA<\/jats:italic>\n but lacked\n bac<\/jats:italic>\n . Serotype Ib isolates carried\n pavA<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n cylE<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n fbsA<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n hylB<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n cfb<\/jats:italic>\n and\n cspA<\/jats:italic>\n , while\n spb1\u2010F<\/jats:italic>\n and\n bac<\/jats:italic>\n were absent. Overall, this study identifies additional non\u2010tilapia hosts of\n \n S. agalactiae<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n in freshwater aquaculture provides the first evidence of infection in black carp, grass carp and common carp. These findings demonstrate the diversity of circulating serotypes and virulence gene profiles. These findings indicate increasing epidemiological complexity and highlight the need for integrated prevention and disease management strategies targeting this pathogen.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jfd.70140","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T05:25:44Z","timestamp":1770009944000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Serotypes and Virulence Gene Profiles of\n \n Streptococcus agalactiae<\/i>\n <\/scp>\n Isolates From Non\u2010Tilapia Freshwater Fish"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2271-849X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Truong Dinh","family":"Hoai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Fisheries Vietnam National University of Agriculture Hanoi Vietnam"},{"name":"Center of Excellence and Innovation Vietnam National University of Agriculture Hanoi 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