{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T04:48:42Z","timestamp":1791607722898,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782432000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782432000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012547","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024GXNSFFA010017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024GXNSFFA010017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012547","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012547","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023GXNSFBA026345"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023GXNSFBA026345"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012547","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Fish Diseases"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV) is a highly pathogenic virus that causes substantial economic losses in marine grouper aquaculture, and effective antiviral agents are currently lacking. In this study, the anti\u2010SGIV activity of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a natural compound from green tea, was evaluated and its underlying mechanisms were investigated. Cytotoxicity assays showed that EGCG at concentrations up to 12.5\u2009\u03bcg\/mL was safe for grouper spleen (GS) cells. EGCG treatment reduced viral MCP and VP19 mRNA expression in a dose\u2010dependent manner, indicating its anti\u2010SGIV activity. Mechanistic studies revealed that EGCG directly impaired SGIV particle infectivity and interfered with viral adsorption, entry, and intracellular replication. Network pharmacology analysis identified overlapping genes between EGCG targets and SGIV\u2010induced differentially expressed genes, with enrichment pathways related to cell cycle regulation, particularly the G2\/M checkpoint. Further studies showed that SGIV infection upregulated the G2\/M checkpoint regulators WEE1 and CHEK2, and EGCG treatment reversed these dysregulations, suggesting that EGCG alleviates SGIV\u2010induced G2\/M arrest. In\u00a0vivo, EGCG treatment significantly reduced viral load in infected groupers and improved survival rate. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that EGCG exerts potent anti\u2010SGIV activity both in\u00a0vitro and in\u00a0vivo by directly targeting multiple steps of the viral life cycle and modulating host cell cycle G2\/M checkpoint pathways, highlighting its potential as a natural therapeutic agent against SGIV infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jfd.70232","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T04:32:47Z","timestamp":1782534767000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) Inhibits Singapore Grouper Iridovirus (SGIV) Infection by Interfering With Viral Life Cycle and Modulating Host Cell Cycle G2\/M Checkpoint"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"given":"Tianhong","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Indigenous Valuable Fish Reproductive Regulation and Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Fisheries College Guangdong Ocean University  Zhanjiang People's Republic of China"},{"name":"Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Laboratory of Oceanography, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Fishery Major Diseases Control and Efficient Healthy Breeding Industrial Technology (GERCFT) Guangxi Academy of Sciences  Nanning People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinkun","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Laboratory of Oceanography, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Fishery Major Diseases Control and Efficient Healthy Breeding Industrial Technology (GERCFT) Guangxi Academy of Sciences  Nanning People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen\u2010Ao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Indigenous Valuable Fish Reproductive Regulation and Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Fisheries College Guangdong Ocean University  Zhanjiang People's Republic of China"},{"name":"Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Laboratory of Oceanography, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Fishery Major Diseases Control and Efficient Healthy Breeding Industrial Technology (GERCFT) Guangxi Academy of Sciences  Nanning People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingzhu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Indigenous Valuable Fish Reproductive Regulation and Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Fisheries College Guangdong Ocean University  Zhanjiang People's Republic of China"},{"name":"Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Laboratory of Oceanography, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Fishery Major Diseases Control and Efficient Healthy Breeding Industrial Technology (GERCFT) Guangxi Academy of Sciences  Nanning People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Laboratory of Oceanography, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Fishery Major Diseases Control and Efficient Healthy Breeding Industrial Technology (GERCFT) Guangxi Academy of Sciences  Nanning People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Laboratory of Oceanography, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Fishery Major Diseases Control and Efficient Healthy Breeding Industrial Technology (GERCFT) Guangxi Academy of Sciences  Nanning People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanxia","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Laboratory of Oceanography, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Fishery Major Diseases Control and Efficient Healthy Breeding Industrial Technology (GERCFT) Guangxi Academy of Sciences  Nanning People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingming","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Laboratory of Oceanography, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Fishery Major Diseases Control and Efficient Healthy Breeding Industrial Technology (GERCFT) Guangxi Academy of Sciences  Nanning People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaxi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Laboratory of Oceanography, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Fishery Major Diseases Control and Efficient Healthy Breeding Industrial Technology (GERCFT) Guangxi Academy of Sciences  Nanning People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Indigenous Valuable Fish Reproductive Regulation and Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Fisheries College Guangdong Ocean University  Zhanjiang People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huapu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Indigenous Valuable Fish Reproductive Regulation and Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Fisheries College Guangdong Ocean University  Zhanjiang People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Ling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology Northwest A&amp;F University  Yangling Shaanxi People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangmou","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Laboratory of Oceanography, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Fishery Major Diseases Control and Efficient Healthy Breeding Industrial Technology (GERCFT) Guangxi Academy of Sciences  Nanning People's Republic of China"},{"name":"Chinese Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Aquatic and Livestock Farming Field Scientific Observation and Research Station (Nanning), China\u2010ASEAN Modern Fishery Industry Technology Transfer Demonstration Center Beibu Gulf Marine Industrial Research Institute  Nanning People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pengfei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Indigenous Valuable Fish Reproductive Regulation and Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Fisheries College Guangdong Ocean University  Zhanjiang People's Republic of China"},{"name":"Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Laboratory of Oceanography, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Fishery Major Diseases Control and Efficient Healthy Breeding Industrial Technology (GERCFT) Guangxi Academy of Sciences  Nanning People's Republic of China"},{"name":"Chinese Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Aquatic and Livestock Farming Field Scientific Observation and Research Station 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