{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T05:05:07Z","timestamp":1789362307351,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,13]],"date-time":"2026-09-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789257600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,13]],"date-time":"2026-09-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789257600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002644","name":"Pukyong National University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["202506280001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202506280001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002644","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Fish Diseases"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This clinical report describes a mortality event associated with a free\u2010living marine nematode provisionally assigned to the\n                    <jats:italic>Halomonhystera disjuncta<\/jats:italic>\n                    species complex (\n                    <jats:italic>Halomonhystera<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp. cf.\n                    <jats:italic>disjuncta<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) in laboratory\u2010acclimated olive flounder (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Paralichthys olivaceus<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ). Fish were acclimated at 13\u00b0C in filtered seawater with 50% daily water exchange. Affected fish developed caudal fin erosion, gill pallor, excessive branchial mucus, abnormal posture and, in larger fish, cutaneous ulcers. Cumulative losses within 1\u2009month reached approximately 50% in the 10\u2009g groups and 30% in the 100\u2009g group. Microscopy revealed numerous nematodes in branchial mucus, adjacent to gill lamellae and in fin erosions and skin ulcers. Morphologically similar nematodes were recovered from the seawater filtration line but were not molecularly confirmed. VHSV was not detected by RT\u2010qPCR at stocking or during the mortality event, and outbreak\u2010associated PCR assays yielded no target\u2010specific amplification for\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Tenacibaculum maritimum<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Cryptocaryon irritans<\/jats:italic>\n                    , or\n                    <jats:italic>Ichthyobodo<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. Partial 18S rRNA and ITS sequences showed 100% identity to GenBank sequences assigned to\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>H. disjuncta<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    . Because this complex contains cryptic lineages, the nematode was conservatively designated\n                    <jats:italic>Halomonhystera<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp. cf.\n                    <jats:italic>disjuncta<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Although causality was not established, the findings support a clinicopathological association with branchial and cutaneous lesions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jfd.70287","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T04:38:41Z","timestamp":1789360721000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["First Report of\n                    <i>Halomonhystera<\/i>\n                    sp. cf.\n                    <i>disjuncta<\/i>\n                    Associated With Branchial and Cutaneous Lesions During a Mortality Event in Laboratory\u2010Acclimated Olive Flounder (\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>Paralichthys olivaceus<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    )"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-3659-8346","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyo\u2010Young","family":"Kang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Aquatic Life Medicine College of Fisheries Sciences, Pukyong National University  Busan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-9074-2659","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ju\u2010Yeop","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Aquatic Life Medicine College of Fisheries Sciences, Pukyong National University  Busan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Young\u2010Ung","family":"Heo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Aquatic Life Medicine College of Fisheries Sciences, Pukyong National University  Busan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cho\u2010Yoon","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Aquatic Life Medicine College of Fisheries Sciences, Pukyong National University  Busan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7884-5781","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thanh Luan","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Health Sciences HUTECH University  Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7315-1297","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Do\u2010Hyung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Aquatic Life Medicine College of Fisheries Sciences, Pukyong National University  Busan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/biology6040039","article-title":"Impacts of Low Temperature on the Teleost Immune System","volume":"6","author":"Abram Q. H.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"67","article-title":"Global Outbreaks and Strategies to Control the Emerging Diseases in Aquaculture Farms in Korea","volume":"34","author":"Cho M. Y.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ocean Policy Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2019.734785","article-title":"UV Irradiation and Micro Filtration Effects on Micro Particle Development and Microbial Water Quality in Recirculation Aquaculture Systems","volume":"518","author":"Jesus Gregersen K. J.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1799","DOI":"10.1007\/s00227-007-0609-0","article-title":"Spatiotemporal Analysis of Population Genetic Structure in Geomonhystera disjuncta (Nematoda, Monhysteridae) Reveals High Levels of Molecular Diversity","volume":"151","author":"Derycke S.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Marine Biology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.3354\/meps300091","article-title":"Mitochondrial DNA Variation and Cryptic Speciation Within the Free\u2010Living Marine Nematode Pellioditis Marina","volume":"300","author":"Derycke S.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Marine Ecology Progress Series"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-8286.2005.01009.x","article-title":"Nematode\u2010Specific PCR Primers for the 18S Small Subunit rRNA Gene","volume":"5","author":"Floyd R. M.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Molecular Ecology Notes"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8312.2008.01015.x","article-title":"Integrative Taxonomy in Two Free\u2010Living Nematode Species Complexes","volume":"94","author":"Fonseca G.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biological Journal of the Linnean Society"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsr2.2014.12.007","article-title":"Halomonhystera disjuncta\u2014A Young\u2010Carrying Nematode First Observed for the Baltic Sea in Deep Basins Within Chemical Munitions Disposal Sites","volume":"128","author":"Grzelak K.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"The Systematics and Ecology of Free\u2010Living Marine Nematodes","volume":"51","author":"Heip C.","year":"1982","journal-title":"In Helminthological Abstracts. Series B, Plant Nematology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.3354\/dao043211","article-title":"A New Strain of Cryptocaryon irritans From the Cultured Olive Flounder \n                     Paralichthys olivaceus","volume":"43","author":"Jee B.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Diseases of Aquatic Organisms"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.3354\/dao073227","article-title":"Miamiensis avidus (Ciliophora: Scuticociliatida) Causes Systemic Infection of Olive Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus and Is a Senior Synonym of Philasterides dicentrarchi","volume":"73","author":"Jung S.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diseases of Aquatic Organisms"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etap.2021.103597","article-title":"Salinity\u2010Mediated Changes in Hematological Parameters, Stress, Antioxidant Responses, and Acetylcholinesterase of Juvenile Olive Flounders (\n                     Paralichthys olivaceus\n                  )","volume":"83","author":"Kim J.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.3354\/dao062233","article-title":"Occurrence of Scuticociliatosis in Olive Flounder \n                     Paralichthys olivaceus\n                   by Phiasterides dicentrarchi (Ciliophora: Scuticociliatida)","volume":"62","author":"Kim S. M.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diseases of Aquatic Organisms"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","first-page":"253","article-title":"Morphological and Molecular Identification of Halomonhystera sp. cf. disjuncta Isolated From Turbot, \n                     Scophthalmus maximus","volume":"29","author":"Kim T. H.","year":"2026","journal-title":"Journal of Fish Pathology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.47853\/FAS.2021.e10","article-title":"Effects of Water Temperature Changes on Oxygen Consumption and Hematological Factors in Olive Flounder \n                     Paralichthys olivaceus","volume":"24","author":"Lim H. K.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","first-page":"143","article-title":"Effects of Acute and Chronic Air Exposure on Growth and Stress Response of Juvenile Olive Flounder, \n                     Paralichthys olivaceus","volume":"18","author":"Lim H. K.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","first-page":"467","article-title":"The Impact of Climate Change on the Parasites and Infectious Diseases of Aquatic Animals","volume":"27","author":"Marcogliese D. J.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Revue Scientifique et Technique"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2017.09.016","article-title":"Hydrostatic Pressure and Temperature Affect the Tolerance of the Free\u2010Living Marine Nematode Halomonhystera disjuncta to Acute Copper Exposure","volume":"192","author":"Mevenkamp L.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Aquatic Toxicology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1079\/9780851990156.0417","volume-title":"Fish Diseases and Disorders. Volume 1: Protozoan and Metazoan Infectionspp","author":"Moln\u00e1r K.","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","volume-title":"Standard Manual of Olive Flounder Culture","author":"NIFS (National Institute of Fisheries Sciences)","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1007\/s11230-009-9210-x","article-title":"Halomonhystera parasitica n. sp.(Nematoda: Monhysteridae), a Parasite of Talorchestia brito (Crustacea: Talitridae) in Portugal","volume":"75","author":"Poinar G.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Systematic Parasitology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.3354\/dao02017","article-title":"Pathogenicity of Miamiensis avidus (Syn. Philasterides dicentrarchi), Pseudocohnilembus persalinus, Pseudocohnilembus hargisi and Uronema marinum (Ciliophora, Scuticociliatida)","volume":"83","author":"Song J.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Diseases of Aquatic Organisms"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1007\/s10152-014-0416-1","article-title":"Description of Two Free\u2010Living Nematode Species of Halomonhystera disjuncta Complex (Nematoda: Monhysterida) From Two Peculiar Habitats in the Sea","volume":"69","author":"Tchesunov A. V.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Helgoland Marine Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0111889","article-title":"Differences in Life\u2010Histories Refute Ecological Equivalence of Cryptic Species and Provide Clues to the Origin of Bathyal Halomonhystera (Nematoda)","volume":"9","author":"Van Campenhout J.","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1093\/icesjms\/48.3.325","article-title":"Effects of Pollutants on Life\u2010History Parameters of the Marine Nematode \n                     Monhystera disjuncta","volume":"48","author":"Vranken G.","year":"1991","journal-title":"ICES Journal of Marine Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1111\/raq.12270","article-title":"A Review on the Research Status and Development Trend of Equipment in Water Treatment Processes of Recirculating Aquaculture Systems","volume":"11","author":"Xiao R.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Reviews in Aquaculture"}],"container-title":["Journal of Fish Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jfd.70287","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/jfd.70287","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jfd.70287","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T04:38:52Z","timestamp":1789360732000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jfd.70287"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,13]]},"references-count":26,"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jfd.70287"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jfd.70287","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0140-7775","1365-2761"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0140-7775","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2761","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-05-31","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-02","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-13","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70287"}}