{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,16]],"date-time":"2023-10-16T08:46:48Z","timestamp":1697446008513},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,25]],"date-time":"2013-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1364169600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taiwan.","award":["MMH-E-98007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MMH-E-98007"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Gastro and Hepatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Background and Aim<\/jats:title>Symptomatic gallstone disease (SGSD<\/jats:styled-content>) induced several inflammatory responses and affected extrahepatic bile ducts. Although the pathology and environmental risk factors of gallstone disease are well documented, immune or inflammatory responses in SGSD<\/jats:styled-content> development are still inconclusive. Interleukin 18 (IL<\/jats:styled-content>18) is a pro\u2010inflammatory cytokine that plays an important role in immune, infectious, and inflammatory diseases because of the induction of interferon\u2010\u03b3. In this study, we investigated whether polymorphisms of the IL<\/jats:styled-content>18<\/jats:italic> gene were associated with SGSD<\/jats:styled-content> susceptibility.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Genomic DNA<\/jats:styled-content> was isolated from the whole blood samples of 445 patients with SGSD<\/jats:styled-content> and 1121 gallstone\u2010free controls. The IL<\/jats:styled-content>18<\/jats:italic> rs549908T<\/jats:styled-content>>G<\/jats:styled-content>, rs5744247C<\/jats:styled-content>>G<\/jats:styled-content>, rs187238G<\/jats:styled-content>>C<\/jats:styled-content>, rs1946518T<\/jats:styled-content>>G<\/jats:styled-content>, and rs360719A<\/jats:styled-content>>G<\/jats:styled-content> polymorphisms were genotyped using predeveloped TaqMan<\/jats:styled-content> allelic discrimination assay.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>We found IL<\/jats:styled-content>18<\/jats:italic> rs5744247G<\/jats:styled-content> allele conferred protection against SGSD<\/jats:styled-content> in female patients (odds ratio\u2009=\u20090.75, corrected P<\/jats:italic>\u2010value\u2009=\u20090.015). Haplotype analysis revealed that TGGTA<\/jats:styled-content> protected females from SGSD<\/jats:styled-content> development (odds ratio\u2009=\u20090.75, corrected P<\/jats:italic>\u2010value\u2009=\u20090.02).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>Based on our findings, IL<\/jats:styled-content>18<\/jats:italic> rs5744247C<\/jats:styled-content>>G<\/jats:styled-content> polymorphism could be a potential genetic marker to predict SGSD<\/jats:styled-content> susceptibility in H<\/jats:styled-content>an C<\/jats:styled-content>hinese women.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.12117","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,10]],"date-time":"2013-01-10T05:55:26Z","timestamp":1357797326000},"page":"744-749","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Gender\u2010specific association of the interleukin 18 gene with symptomatic gallstone 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