{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T00:29:53Z","timestamp":1783470593187,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,22]],"date-time":"2013-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1377129600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Gastro and Hepatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title>Bleeding from esophageal and gastric varices is a fatal event in patients with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension. However, the effects of H<\/jats:styled-content>elicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic> (H<\/jats:styled-content>.\u2009pylori<\/jats:italic>) infection on esophagogastric variceal bleeding are not known. The present study was aimed to elucidate the role of H<\/jats:styled-content>.\u2009pylori<\/jats:italic> infection in esophagogastric variceal bleeding.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>The subjects were 196 cirrhotic patients who were admitted to the K<\/jats:styled-content>urume U<\/jats:styled-content>niversity H<\/jats:styled-content>ospital to treat their esophagogastric varices consisted of 95 with acute bleeding and 101 with nonbleeding but high risk of bleeding. For the diagnosis of H<\/jats:styled-content>.\u2009pylori<\/jats:italic> infection, a 13<\/jats:sup>C\u2010urea breath test was used, and serum pepsinogen (PG<\/jats:styled-content>) I and II levels and the PG<\/jats:styled-content> I\/II ratio were also measured.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Esophagogastric variceal bleeding was seen in 34.9% (n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200930) of the H<\/jats:styled-content>.\u2009pylori<\/jats:italic>\u2010infected patients (n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200986) and in 59.1% (n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200965) of the noninfected patients (n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009110) (P<\/jats:italic>\u2009<\u20090.0007). There was no significant difference in the infection rate between the bleeding sites of the esophagus and the stomach. The serum PG<\/jats:styled-content> I and II levels and the PG<\/jats:styled-content> I\/II ratio were 65.6\u2009ng\/dL<\/jats:styled-content>, 14.7\u2009ng\/dL<\/jats:styled-content>, and 4.4, respectively, for the bleeding patients (n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200995), and 43.7\u2009ng\/dL<\/jats:styled-content>, 17.7\u2009ng\/dL<\/jats:styled-content>, and 3.1 for the nonbleeding patients (n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009101). Thus, the nonbleeding patients had significantly higher rate of H<\/jats:styled-content>.\u2009pylori<\/jats:italic> infection and lower acid secretion than bleeding patients (0.001). In addition, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed a significant negative association between H<\/jats:styled-content>.\u2009pylori<\/jats:italic> infection and esophagogastric variceal bleeding.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>These results suggest that H<\/jats:styled-content>.\u2009pylori<\/jats:italic> infection has a protective effect against esophagogastric variceal bleeding through the induction of gastric mucosal atrophy and concomitant hypoacidity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.12221","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,12]],"date-time":"2013-04-12T10:59:57Z","timestamp":1365764397000},"page":"1444-1449","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Effect of H<\/scp>elicobacter pylori<\/i> infection on esophagogastric variceal bleeding in patients with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Yoshihiro","family":"Sakamoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine Kurume University School of Medicine Kurume Fukuoka Japan"},{"name":"Division of GI Endoscopy, Digestive Disease Center Kurume University Hospital Kurume Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuhiko","family":"Oho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology Yanagawa Hospital Yanagawa Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atsushi","family":"Toyonaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Gastroenterology and GI Endoscopy Yasumoto Hospital Kurume Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masafumi","family":"Kumamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine Kurume University School of Medicine Kurume Fukuoka Japan"},{"name":"Division of GI Endoscopy, Digestive Disease Center Kurume University Hospital Kurume Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tsuyoshi","family":"Haruta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine Kurume University School of Medicine Kurume Fukuoka Japan"},{"name":"Division of GI Endoscopy, Digestive Disease Center Kurume University Hospital Kurume Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroto","family":"Inoue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine Kurume University School of Medicine Kurume Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keigo","family":"Emori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine Kurume University School of Medicine Kurume Fukuoka Japan"},{"name":"Division of GI Endoscopy, Digestive Disease Center Kurume University Hospital Kurume Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Osamu","family":"Tsuruta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine Kurume University School of Medicine Kurume Fukuoka Japan"},{"name":"Division of GI Endoscopy, Digestive Disease Center Kurume University Hospital Kurume Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michio","family":"Sata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine Kurume University School of Medicine Kurume Fukuoka Japan"},{"name":"Division of GI Endoscopy, Digestive Disease Center Kurume University Hospital Kurume Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199610000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(92)90156-S"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(88)90929-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-116-9-705"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","first-page":"208","article-title":"Role of chronic helicobacter pylori infection in hyperdynamic circulation of cirrhotic patients","volume":"49","author":"Chen C\u2010T","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hepatogastroenterology"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.1996.tb00011.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","first-page":"26","article-title":"Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori and occurrence of gastroduodenal lesions in patients with liver cirrhosis","volume":"4","author":"Kirchner GI","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. 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