{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T20:44:26Z","timestamp":1783975466844,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,23]],"date-time":"2013-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1379894400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Gastro and Hepatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>ilbert's syndrome is a common familial hyperbilirubinemia that may reduce the risk of various age\u2010related diseases because of the antioxidant properties of bilirubin. We conducted a large cohort study using <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>he <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>ealth <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>mprovement <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">N<\/jats:styled-content>etwork primary care database and compared all\u2010cause mortality rates in those with and without <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>ilbert's syndrome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mortality rates in patients with a diagnosis of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>ilbert's syndrome and raised bilirubin level (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20094266) were compared with those of patients with similar characteristics but with normal bilirubin levels (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200921\u2009968). Multivariate Poisson regression was also used to estimate adjusted mortality rate ratios.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>During the 350\u2009000 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PY<\/jats:styled-content>s of follow up across the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>ilbert's and comparison cohorts, there were 1174 deaths. Mortality rates were 24\/10\u2009000 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PY<\/jats:styled-content>s in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>ilbert's cohort versus 50\/10\u2009000 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PY<\/jats:styled-content>s in the comparison cohort. Mortality rates were around half in patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>ilbert's syndrome after accounting for sociodemographics and general health indicators (adjusted mortality rate ratio: 0.5 [95% confidence interval; 0.4\u20130.7; <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001]).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mortality rates observed for people with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>ilbert's syndrome in the general population are almost half those of people without evidence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>ilbert's syndrome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.12279","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,22]],"date-time":"2013-05-22T11:56:51Z","timestamp":1369223811000},"page":"1643-1647","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"title":["<scp>G<\/scp>ilbert's syndrome and the risk of death: A population\u2010based cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Laura J.","family":"Horsfall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Department of Primary Care and Population Health Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irwin","family":"Nazareth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Department of Primary Care and Population Health Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen P.","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Liver and Digestive Health University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Petersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Department of Primary Care and Population Health Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199511023331802"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.12.2.152"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAJ.0b013e318142be0d"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(93)90629-U"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004836-199409000-00009"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196711232772102"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5144\/0256-4947.1995.422"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-0500-1-35"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.19.9.838"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00365528909093099"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2010.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","first-page":"188","article-title":"Association of UGT1A1 polymorphism with prevalence and age at onset of cholelithiasis in sickle cell anemia","volume":"90","author":"Chaar V","year":"2005","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00043426-200110000-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2010.02.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.25561"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3029864"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.633206"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2008.05388.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.06130710"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/FPC.0b013e328328f818"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2532.1994.1130177.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14236\/jhi.v12i3.124"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","first-page":"251","article-title":"Generalisability of The Health Improvement Network (THIN) database: demographics, chronic disease prevalence and mortality rates","volume":"19","author":"Blak BT","year":"2011","journal-title":"Inform. 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