{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T23:45:48Z","timestamp":1790034348167,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,19]],"date-time":"2014-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1392768000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Gastro and Hepatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Functional dyspepsia (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FD<\/jats:styled-content>), defined by unexplained pain or discomfort centered in the upper abdomen, is common. Diagnosis and treatment of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FD<\/jats:styled-content> based on the symptom\u2010based <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">R<\/jats:styled-content>ome criteria remains challenging. Recently, eosinophilia in the duodenum has been implicated in the pathophysiology of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FD<\/jats:styled-content> in adults, specifically increased eosinophils in early satiety and postprandial distress, but the association remains controversial. The aim of this study was to characterize upper gastrointestinal (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GI<\/jats:styled-content>) tract pathology, specifically duodenal eosinophilia, in an <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>ustralian cohort of patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FD<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients prospectively referred for an upper <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GI<\/jats:styled-content> endoscopy (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200955; mean age, 49.6 years; 61.8% female) were stratified to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FD<\/jats:styled-content> cases (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200933) and controls (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200922) using <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">R<\/jats:styled-content>ome <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">II<\/jats:styled-content> criteria. All subjects completed a validated bowel symptom <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">q<\/jats:styled-content>uestionnaire. The eosinophil count per square millimeter in the duodenal bulb (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content>1) and second part (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content>2) was assessed and <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>elicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic> status determined by gastric histology. Associations with clinical symptoms were assessed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cases and controls were demographically similar. Duodenal eosinophilia was significantly increased in subjects experiencing early satiety (<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.01) and postprandial fullness (<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001). This association was seen in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content>2 but not <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content>1. Abdominal pain was associated with eosinophilia in both <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content>1 (<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.02) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content>2 (<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.005). Smoking was also associated with higher eosinophil counts in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content>2 (<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.007) and symptoms of early satiety (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.02).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Duodenal eosinophilia occurs in a subset of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FD<\/jats:styled-content>. The potential role of duodenal eosinophils in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FD<\/jats:styled-content> has implications for diagnosis and therapeutic trials.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.12419","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,21]],"date-time":"2013-10-21T11:23:03Z","timestamp":1382354583000},"page":"474-479","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":160,"title":["Duodenal eosinophilia and early satiety in functional dyspepsia: Confirmation of a positive association in an <scp>A<\/scp>ustralian cohort"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Marjorie M","family":"Walker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Medicine University of Newcastle  Callaghan New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kavita R","family":"Aggarwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Pathology Imperial College"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa SE","family":"Shim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology Nepean Hospital  Kingswood New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milan","family":"Bassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology Nepean Hospital  Kingswood New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jamshid S","family":"Kalantar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology Nepean Hospital  Kingswood New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin D","family":"Weltman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology Nepean Hospital  Kingswood New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Sydney Medical School University of Sydney Nepean Hospital  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