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Immune injury plays an important role during the early stage of the disease. Our research aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of dexamethasone therapy for patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010related <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ACLF<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 134 inpatients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010induced <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ACLF<\/jats:styled-content> were enrolled from <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">J<\/jats:styled-content>anuary 2009 to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content>ecember 2012. All the patients received the standard medicine treatment (SMT), among whom 31 cases underwent additional dexamethasone injection for three times (dexamethasone treatment [DMT] Group). A total of 35 patients (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SMT<\/jats:styled-content> Group) matched for baseline characters served as controls. Both the groups were followed up for 12 weeks. The survival rates, liver functions, and complications were recorded.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The 12\u2010week cumulative survival rates were 45.7% (16\/35)and 48.4% (15\/31) for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SMT G<\/jats:styled-content>roup and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DMT G<\/jats:styled-content>roup, respectively, and no significant differences were found (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.959). There were no dramatic differences in liver function and model for end\u2010stage liver disease (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MELD<\/jats:styled-content>) score at 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks between two groups. There were no significant differences in the incidence of complications (i.e. infection, gastrointestinal bleeding, encephalopathy, hepatorenal syndrome, and ascites) from 1 to 12 weeks between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>roup <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SMT<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>roup <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DMT<\/jats:styled-content>. More than 40 ages, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MELD<\/jats:styled-content> score more than 28 and encephalopathy were independent risk factors for the mortality of patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dexamethasone cannot improve liver functions and 12\u2010week survival rates of patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010related <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ACLF<\/jats:styled-content>. Age, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MELD<\/jats:styled-content> score, and encephalopathy are independent risk factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.12454","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,14]],"date-time":"2013-11-14T02:50:54Z","timestamp":1384397454000},"page":"800-806","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Dexamethasone in outcome of patients with hepatitis <scp>B<\/scp> virus\u2010related acute\u2010on\u2010chronic liver failure"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Jun\u2010Feng","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yet\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou Guangdong Province China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control Sun Yat\u2010Sen University Ministry of Education  Guangzhou Guangdong Province China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ke\u2010Wei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria  Peoria Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shao\u2010Quan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yet\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou Guangdong Province China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control Sun Yat\u2010Sen University Ministry of Education  Guangzhou Guangdong Province China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zi\u2010Ying","family":"Lei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yet\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou Guangdong Province China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control Sun Yat\u2010Sen University Ministry of Education  Guangzhou Guangdong Province China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun\u2010Qiang","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yet\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou Guangdong Province China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control Sun Yat\u2010Sen University Ministry of Education  Guangzhou Guangdong Province China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jian\u2010Yun","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yet\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou Guangdong Province China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control Sun Yat\u2010Sen University Ministry of Education  Guangzhou Guangdong Province China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei\u2010Zhen","family":"Weng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yet\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou Guangdong Province China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control Sun Yat\u2010Sen University Ministry of Education  Guangzhou Guangdong Province China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhi\u2010Liang","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yet\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou Guangdong Province China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control Sun Yat\u2010Sen University Ministry of Education  Guangzhou Guangdong Province China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bing\u2010Liang","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yet\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou Guangdong Province China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control Sun Yat\u2010Sen University Ministry of Education  Guangzhou Guangdong Province China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-008-9106-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","first-page":"772","article-title":"Etiological analysis of 1977 patients with acute fiver failure,subacute liver failure and acute\u2010on\u2010chronic liver failure","volume":"16","author":"Liu XY","year":"2008","journal-title":"Chin. 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