{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T01:52:13Z","timestamp":1778637133482,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,24]],"date-time":"2015-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1422057600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012319","name":"National Center for Global Health and Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["26A-201"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["26A-201"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012319","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Gastro and Hepatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,2]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Background and Aim<\/jats:title>The associations between antithrombotic or antihypertensive drugs and peptic ulcer bleeding (PUB<\/jats:styled-content>) remain unknown, particularly in A<\/jats:styled-content>sia, where H<\/jats:styled-content>elicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic> infection is prevalent. This study aims to evaluate the risks of PUB<\/jats:styled-content> from antithrombotic drugs, angiotensin II<\/jats:styled-content> receptor blockers (ARB<\/jats:styled-content>s), angiotensin\u2010converting enzyme (ACE<\/jats:styled-content>) inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, \u03b1\u2010blockers, and \u03b2\u2010blockers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>This prospective hospital\u2010based case\u2010control study included 230 patients with endoscopically verified PUB<\/jats:styled-content> and 920 age and sex\u2010matched controls (1:4) without bleeding on screening endoscopy. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR<\/jats:styled-content>) for the risk of PUB<\/jats:styled-content> were determined by conditional logistic regression analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>In multivariate analysis, alcohol consumption (AOR<\/jats:styled-content>, 2.2; P<\/jats:italic>\u2009<\u20090.001), history of peptic ulcer (AOR<\/jats:styled-content>, 4.8; P<\/jats:italic>\u2009<\u20090.001), H<\/jats:styled-content>.\u2009pylori<\/jats:italic> infection (AOR<\/jats:styled-content>, 2.1; P<\/jats:italic>\u2009<\u20090.001), comorbidity index (AOR<\/jats:styled-content>, 1.1; P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.089), nonsteroidal anti\u2010inflammatory drugs (NSAID<\/jats:styled-content>s) (AOR<\/jats:styled-content>, 2.0; P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.025), and low\u2010dose aspirin (AOR<\/jats:styled-content>, 2.8; P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.003) increased the risk of PUB<\/jats:styled-content>, whereas H<\/jats:styled-content>.\u2009pylori<\/jats:italic> eradication (AOR<\/jats:styled-content>, 0.03; P<\/jats:italic>\u2009<\u20090.001), proton pump inhibitors (PPI<\/jats:styled-content>s) (AOR<\/jats:styled-content>, 0.1; P<\/jats:italic>\u2009<\u20090.001), and histamine 2\u2010receptor antagonists (H<\/jats:styled-content>2RA<\/jats:styled-content>) (AOR<\/jats:styled-content>, 0.1; P<\/jats:italic>\u2009<\u20090.001) reduced it. No significant interactions were observed between H<\/jats:styled-content>.\u2009pylori<\/jats:italic> infection and NSAID<\/jats:styled-content>s use for PUB<\/jats:styled-content> (P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.913). ARB<\/jats:styled-content>s (P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.564), ACE<\/jats:styled-content> inhibitors (P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.213), calcium channel blockers (P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.215), \u03b1\u2010blockers (P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.810), and \u03b2\u2010blockers (P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.864) were not associated with PUB<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>We found that alcohol consumption, history of peptic ulcer, H<\/jats:styled-content>.\u2009pylori<\/jats:italic> infection, NSAID<\/jats:styled-content>s use, and low\u2010dose aspirin use were independent risk factors for PUB<\/jats:styled-content>, whereas H<\/jats:styled-content>.\u2009pylori<\/jats:italic>\u2010eradication, PPI<\/jats:styled-content>s use, and H<\/jats:styled-content>2RA<\/jats:styled-content> use reduced its risk. Interactions between H<\/jats:styled-content>.\u2009pylori<\/jats:italic> and NSAID<\/jats:styled-content>s use in PUB<\/jats:styled-content> were not observed. No antihypertensive drug was associated with PUB<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.12805","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,22]],"date-time":"2014-10-22T10:09:31Z","timestamp":1413972571000},"page":"292-298","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Risk of peptic ulcer bleeding associated with H<\/scp>elicobacter pylori<\/i> infection, nonsteroidal anti\u2010inflammatory drugs, low\u2010dose aspirin, and antihypertensive drugs: A case\u2010control study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Naoyoshi","family":"Nagata","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National Center for Global Health and Medicine Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryota","family":"Niikura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and 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