{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T10:46:23Z","timestamp":1761561983547,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,11]],"date-time":"2015-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441929600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004085","name":"Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2009-0094050"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2009-0094050"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004085","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Gastro and Hepatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Background and Aim<\/jats:title>In the past decade, many chronic hepatitis B<\/jats:styled-content> (CHB<\/jats:styled-content>) patients have undergone sequential treatment with lamivudine (LAM<\/jats:styled-content>), adefovir (ADV<\/jats:styled-content>), and entecavir (ETV<\/jats:styled-content>) to manage antiviral resistance or insufficient suppression of HBV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010DNA<\/jats:styled-content>. Very limited data are available on the efficacy of tenofovir (TDF<\/jats:styled-content>) rescue regimens in patients with multidrug resistance (MDR<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>We investigated the antiviral efficacy of TDF<\/jats:styled-content>\/LAM<\/jats:styled-content> combination therapy versus<\/jats:italic>\u2005TDF<\/jats:styled-content>\/ETV<\/jats:styled-content> combination therapy in 52 patients who failed three previous antiviral therapies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>The study subjects were treated with TDF<\/jats:styled-content>\/LAM<\/jats:styled-content> combination therapy (n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200925) or TDF<\/jats:styled-content>\/ETV<\/jats:styled-content> combination therapy (n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200927) for more than six months. Virologic response (VR<\/jats:styled-content>) occurred in 39 (75%) patients (19 patients belonged to the TDF<\/jats:styled-content>\/LAM<\/jats:styled-content> group and 20 patients belonged to the TDF<\/jats:styled-content>\/ETV<\/jats:styled-content> group). The VR<\/jats:styled-content> rates were not different between the TDF<\/jats:styled-content>\/LAM<\/jats:styled-content> and TDF<\/jats:styled-content>\/ETV<\/jats:styled-content> groups (56.0% vs<\/jats:italic> 51.9% at month 12, and 72.0% vs<\/jats:italic> 78.8% at month 18; log rank P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.515). In addition, treatment efficacy of TDF<\/jats:styled-content>\/LAM<\/jats:styled-content> combination or TDF<\/jats:styled-content>\/ETV<\/jats:styled-content> combination was not statistically different according to types of MDR<\/jats:styled-content>. In multivariate analysis, absolute HBV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010DNA<\/jats:styled-content> level at the start of TDF<\/jats:styled-content> rescue treatment (P<\/jats:italic>\u2009<\u20090.001; OR<\/jats:styled-content>, 0.452; 95% CI<\/jats:styled-content>, 0.306\u20130.666) was only significantly associated with VR<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>TDF<\/jats:styled-content>\/ETV<\/jats:styled-content> combination therapy was not associated with higher rate of VR<\/jats:styled-content> compared with TDF<\/jats:styled-content>\/LAM<\/jats:styled-content> combination therapy in MDR CHB<\/jats:styled-content> patients. These results raise the suspicion about the superiority of the combination therapy over TDF<\/jats:styled-content> monotherapy. The lower HBV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010DNA<\/jats:styled-content> levels at the start of TDF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010based rescue therapy were associated with higher VR<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.12993","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,14]],"date-time":"2015-05-14T09:36:04Z","timestamp":1431596164000},"page":"1514-1521","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Tenofovir\u2010based rescue therapy for chronic hepatitis B<\/scp> patients who had failed treatment with lamivudine, adefovir, and entecavir"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Byung Gyu","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine University of Ulsan College of Medicine Ulsan University Hospital Ulsan South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seok Won","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine University of Ulsan College of Medicine Ulsan University Hospital Ulsan South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eun Hye","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine University of Ulsan College of Medicine Ulsan University Hospital Ulsan South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jae Hee","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine University of Ulsan College of Medicine Ulsan University Hospital Ulsan South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ju Hwan","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine University of Ulsan College of Medicine Ulsan University Hospital Ulsan South 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