{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T03:27:01Z","timestamp":1785554821451,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,28]],"date-time":"2016-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1453939200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"a Health and Labour Sciences Research Grant for Research on Health Technology Assessment from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan","award":["Clinical Research Promotion No. 47"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Clinical Research Promotion No. 47"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Gastro and Hepatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aim:<\/jats:title><jats:p>We recently conducted a randomized placebo\u2010controlled trial on the efficacy and safety of rikkunshito, a standardized Japanese herbal medicine, for the treatment of functional dyspepsia (FD). The present post\u2010hoc study aimed to evaluate the differences in clinical characteristics between responders and non\u2010responders among FD patients who received rikkunshito for 8\u2009weeks.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Rikkunshito responders were defined by using a global patient assessment. Candidate predictors included age, gender, smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index, comorbidity, <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic> infection, plasma levels of acyl ghrelin and des\u2010acyl ghrelin, severity of dyspeptic symptoms, FD subgroup, previous medication, and the type of recruiting institution (clinic or hospital). We calculated hazard ratios (HRs) by using Cox regression analysis with the factors that were indicated to be associated with responders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>We assigned 83 and 42 patients to responder and non\u2010responder categories, respectively. Lack of alcohol consumption (HR, 2.04; 95% confidence interval, 1.08\u20133.88) and low plasma des\u2010acyl ghrelin levels (&lt;\u2009177\u2009fmol\/mL; HR, 2.42; 95% confidence interval, 1.24\u20134.73) were significantly associated with the efficacy of rikkunshito. Lack of alcohol consumption was associated with the efficacy of rikkunshito especially among <jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>.\u2009<jats:italic>pylori<\/jats:italic>\u2010infected participants. On the other hand, the low plasma des\u2010acyl ghrelin was associated with the efficacy of rikkunshito especially among <jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>.\u2009<jats:italic>pylori<\/jats:italic>\u2010negative participants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title><jats:p>A low baseline level of plasma des\u2010acyl ghrelin was associated with an increased treatment efficacy of rikkunshito against FD. Lack of alcohol consumption was also clinically useful for predicting the response to rikkunshito.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.13074","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,7]],"date-time":"2015-08-07T13:24:47Z","timestamp":1438953887000},"page":"334-341","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Association of baseline plasma des\u2010acyl ghrelin level with the response to rikkunshito in patients with functional dyspepsia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Koji","family":"Togawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rikkunshito Study Group, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine Keio University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juntaro","family":"Matsuzaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rikkunshito Study Group, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine Keio University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masao","family":"Kobayakawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Global Health and Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasushi","family":"Fukushima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tokyo Eki Center Building Clinic  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fumio","family":"Suzaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yokohama Minami Kyosai Hospital  Yokohama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kunio","family":"Kasugai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Aichi Medical University  Nagakute 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Gastroenterology Social Insurance Kyoto Hospital  Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hideo","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology Eiju General Hospital  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshifumi","family":"Tokura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tokura Yoshifumi Gastroenterology Clinic  Kameoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Nagata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Keiyu Hospital  Yokohama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikiji","family":"Mori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ogikubo GI Clinic  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimihiko","family":"Kato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Meito Hospital  Nagoya Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Hosoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toru","family":"Takebayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Keio University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soichiro","family":"Miura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology National Defense Medical College  Tokorozawa Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naomi","family":"Uemura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Kohnodai Hospital  Ichikawa 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