{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T18:40:04Z","timestamp":1788547204352,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,28]],"date-time":"2016-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1453939200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001868","name":"National Science Council, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NSC 101-2314-B-303-005-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSC 101-2314-B-303-005-MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001868","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Gastro and Hepatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background\/Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Esophageal instillation of capsaicin or hydrochloric acid enhances secondary peristalsis. Our aim was to investigate whether intra\u2010esophageal capsaicin infusion can influence symptom perception and physiological alteration of secondary peristalsis subsequent to acid infusion.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Secondary peristalsis was induced by mid\u2010esophagus injections of air in 18 healthy subjects. Two different sessions including esophageal infusion of hydrochloric acid (0.1\u2009N) following pretreatment with saline or capsaicin\u2010containing red pepper sauce were randomly performed at least one week apart. Symptoms of heartburn and secondary peristalsis were determined and compared between each study session.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The intensity of heartburn symptom subsequent to acid infusion was significantly reduced after capsaicin infusion as compared with saline infusion (54\u2009\u00b1\u20093 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 61\u2009\u00b1\u20093; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03). Capsaicin infusion significantly increased the threshold volume of secondary peristalsis to rapid air injections subsequent to esophageal acid infusion (8.0\u2009\u00b1\u20090.5\u2009mL <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 4.4\u2009\u00b1\u20090.3\u2009mL; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). The frequency of secondary peristalsis subsequent to acid infusion was significantly decreased after capsaicin infusion as compared to saline infusion (70% [60\u221282.5%] <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 80% [70\u221290%]; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03). Capsaicin infusion significantly decreased the pressure wave amplitude of secondary peristalsis subsequent to acid infusion during rapid air injections (90.6\u2009\u00b1\u20098.7 mmHg <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 111.1\u2009\u00b1\u200911.1 mmHg; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Capsaicin appears to desensitize the esophagus to acid induced excitation of secondary peristalsis in humans, which is probably mediated by rapidly adapting mucosal mechanoreceptors. High capsaicin\u2010containing diet might attenuate normal physiological response to abrupt acid reflux by inhibiting secondary peristalsis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.13080","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,6]],"date-time":"2015-08-06T15:07:36Z","timestamp":1438873656000},"page":"364-369","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Effects of esophageal capsaicin instillation on acid induced excitation of secondary peristalsis in humans"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Tso\u2010Tsai","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation and Tzu Chi University  Hualien Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chih\u2010Hsun","family":"Yi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation and Tzu Chi University  Hualien Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei\u2010Yi","family":"Lei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation and Tzu Chi University  Hualien Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jui\u2010Sheng","family":"Hung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation and Tzu Chi University  Hualien Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chien\u2010Lin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation and Tzu Chi University  Hualien Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William C.","family":"Orr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lynn Institute for Healthcare Research University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center  Oklahoma City Oklahoma USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI105998"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(92)90012-N"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.2001.281.5.G1246"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1983.sp014593"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","first-page":"G927","article-title":"Initiation of esophageal secondary peristalsis by slow fluid infusion in the opossum: effect of hydrochloric acid","volume":"270","author":"Kusano M","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am. 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