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We examined the impact of a PCOS diagnosis on the metabolic phenotype of adolescent girls with NAFLD and compared this to girls without PCOS or NAFLD and to age\u2010matched boys.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Community\u2010based adolescents from the Raine Cohort participated in assessments for NAFLD (572 girls and 592 boys) and PCOS (244 girls). One hundred and ninety\u2010nine girls attended both assessments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Amongst the 199 girls, PCOS was diagnosed in 16.1% and NAFLD in 18.6%. NAFLD was diagnosed in 10.1% of the boys. NAFLD was more prevalent in girls with PCOS than girls without PCOS (37.5% vs 15.1%,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.003). Girls with NAFLD plus PCOS had greater adiposity (waist circumference, body mass index, suprailiac skinfold thickness [SST], serum androgens, high\u2010sensitivity C\u2010reactive protein, ferritin, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA\u2010IR), and lower serum sex hormone binding globulin levels than girls with NAFLD without a PCOS diagnosis (all\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Girls with NAFLD plus PCOS had similar adiposity, HOMA\u2010IR, and adiponectin levels to boys with NAFLD, but more adiposity, serum leptin and HOMA\u2010IR than both girls and boys without NAFLD. PCOS (odds ratios 2.99, 95% confidence intervals 1.01\u20138.82,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.048) and SST (odds ratios 1.14, 95% confidence intervals 1.08\u20131.20,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) independently predicted NAFLD in adolescent girls, however, serum androgens and HOMA\u2010IR levels did not.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adolescent girls with NAFLD plus PCOS have a similar metabolic phenotype to boys with NAFLD. Increasing SST and pre\u2010existing PCOS independently predict NAFLD in adolescent girls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.13241","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,21]],"date-time":"2015-11-21T01:43:22Z","timestamp":1448070202000},"page":"980-987","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Adverse metabolic phenotype of adolescent girls with non\u2010alcoholic fatty liver disease plus polycystic ovary syndrome compared with other girls and boys"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Oyekoya T","family":"Ayonrinde","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Pharmacology The University of Western Australia  Perth Western Australia Australia"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Fiona Stanley Hospital  Perth Western Australia Australia"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Fremantle Hospital  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Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lawrence J","family":"Beilin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Pharmacology The University of Western Australia  Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wendy H","family":"Oddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Child Health Research, Telethon Institute for Child Health Research The University of Western Australia  Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martha","family":"Hickey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology University of Melbourne  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"The Royal Women's Hospital  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deborah 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