{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T23:14:29Z","timestamp":1782602069842,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,23]],"date-time":"2016-11-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1479859200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":22,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Gastro and Hepatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aims to clarify the long\u2010term outcome of therapeutic strategies including balloon\u2010occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration (B\u2010RTO) for patients with gastric fundal varices.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The subjects were 154 patients with gastric fundal varices fulfilling the criteria for receiving B\u2010RTO. In patients showing variceal bleeding, endoscopic therapies and\/or balloon tamponade was performed to achieve hemostasis. B\u2010RTO was accomplished with injection of 5% ethanolamine oleate through a standard balloon catheter except for patients with atypical varices, in whom a microballoon catheter was used to occlude drainage vessels other than a gastrorenal shunt. In patients complicated with esophageal varices at baseline, endoscopic therapies were performed following B\u2010RTO.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Balloon\u2010occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration was performed successfully in 147 patients (95%), including 15 patients using a microballoon catheter. Complete variceal obliteration was achieved in all patients. Additional endoscopic therapies for esophageal varices were performed in 31 patients. Gastric varices did not recur in any of these patients. The cumulative survival rates at 1, 3, and 5\u2009years after B\u2010RTO were 91%, 76%, and 72%, respectively. Child\u2010Pugh scores and hepatocellular carcinoma complication were identified as prognostic factors associated with survival rates. The cumulative exacerbation rates of esophageal varices at 1, 3, and 5\u2009years were 13%, 20%, and 27%, respectively, and rupture developed in six patients, which were successfully treated with endoscopic therapies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Therapeutic strategies including B\u2010RTO with a microballoon catheter were useful to achieve a favorable outcome in patients with gastric fundal varices especially in those manifesting Child\u2010Pugh class\u2010A liver damage and\/or those without hepatocellular carcinoma complication.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.13382","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,22]],"date-time":"2016-03-22T17:55:54Z","timestamp":1458669354000},"page":"1844-1850","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Long\u2010term outcome of 154 patients receiving balloon\u2010occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration for gastric fundal varices"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Yukinori","family":"Imai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine Saitama Medical University  Saitama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manabu","family":"Nakazawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine Saitama Medical University  Saitama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satsuki","family":"Ando","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine Saitama Medical University  Saitama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kayoko","family":"Sugawara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine Saitama Medical 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