{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,8]],"date-time":"2026-02-08T18:48:22Z","timestamp":1770576502760,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,23]],"date-time":"2016-11-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1479859200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":22,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Gastro and Hepatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Insulin\u2010like growth factor\u20101 (IGF\u20101) and C\u2010reactive protein (CRP) are produced mainly by the liver; the output of these markers in response to inflammatory processes may be affected in patients with hepatic dysfunction. This may explain the differences in IGF\u20101 and CRP values in patients with non\u2010portal and portal hypertension ascites. We aimed to evaluate serum and ascitic fluid IGF\u20101 and CRP as diagnostic markers in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant ascites.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this prospective study, 398 consecutive patients with ascites were included. Serum and ascitic fluid levels of IGF\u20101 and CRP were measured using an enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients were divided into group 1, due to benign ascites (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009324), and group 2, due to malignant ascites (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200974). Serum and ascitic IGF\u20101 were significantly increased in malignant ascites than benign ascites group [305\u2009\u00b1\u200965.7\u2009ng\/mL <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 95\u2009\u00b1\u200953.8\u2009ng\/mL; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001 and 288\u2009\u00b1\u200954.7\u2009ng\/mL <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 83.2\u2009\u00b1\u200936.7\u2009ng\/mL; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001], respectively. Serum and ascitic CRP were significantly higher in malignant ascites than benign ascites patients [12.8\u2009\u00b1\u20096.3\u2009mg\/mL <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 6.1\u2009\u00b1\u20094.9\u2009mg\/mL; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001 and 5.1\u2009\u00b1\u20092.2\u2009mg\/mL <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 1.6\u2009\u00b1\u20091.3\u2009mg\/mL; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001], respectively. At a cutoff value of 309.4\u2009ng\/mL and 7.8\u2009mg\/mL, serum IGF\u20101 and CRP had (95.1%, 81%) sensitivity and (88.6%, 75.5%) specificity for detecting malignant ascites [area under the curve: 0.932, 0.845], respectively. At a cutoff value of 291.6\u2009ng\/mL and 2.6\u2009mg\/mL, ascitic IGF\u20101 and CRP had (94.6%, 84%) sensitivity and (83.2%, 80.3%) specificity for detecting malignant ascites (area under the curve: 0.911, 0.893) correspondingly.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Elevated serum and ascitic fluid IGF\u20101 and CRP levels were associated with malignant ascites.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.13386","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,24]],"date-time":"2016-03-24T13:36:49Z","timestamp":1458826609000},"page":"1868-1873","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["C\u2010reactive protein and insulin\u2010like growth factor\u20101 in differential diagnosis of ascites"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Abdel\u2010Razik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tropical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine Mansoura University  Mansoura Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Waleed","family":"Eldars","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine Mansoura University  Mansoura Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rania","family":"Elhelaly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine Mansoura University  Mansoura Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rasha","family":"Elzehery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine Mansoura University  Mansoura Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"990","volume-title":"Diseases of the Liver","author":"Runyon BA","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"748","article-title":"Serum\u2010ascites albumin gradient in the differential diagnosis of ascites","volume":"22","author":"Uddin MS","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mymensingh Med. 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